[Carotid microendarterectomy].

Atherosclerosis of the internal carotid artery with resulting stenosis, threatens the patients by cerebral ischaemia. Patients with high-grade stenosis, who have a high risk of stroke, gain profit from the surgery. The surgeon's decision is based on the clinical picture and on the degree of stenosis. The degree of the stenosis indicated for surgery was determined by international multicentric randomized studies and such indication represents the evidence-based medicine. Carotid microendarterectomy is performed at neurosurgical departments. The microsurgical technique enables perfect endarterectomy, eliminates patching and reduces risk of embolisation and vessel dissection. Cerebral ischaemia is a complex problem and carotid microendarterectomy is a part of the complex management of stroke.