Geller Alan C, Rutsch Linda, Kenausis Kristin, Selzer Paula, Zhang Zi
Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Environ Health. 2003 Nov 3;2(1):13. doi: 10.1186/1476-069X-2-13.
Melanoma incidence is rising at a rate faster than any other preventable cancer in the United States. Childhood exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light increases risk for skin cancer as an adult, thus starting positive sun protection habits early may be key to reducing the incidence of this disease.
The Environmental Protection Agency's SunWise School Program, a national environmental and health education program for sun safety of children in primary and secondary schools (grades K-8), was evaluated with surveys administered to participating students and faculty.
Pretests (n = 5,625) and posttests (n = 5,028) were completed by students in 102 schools in 42 states. Significant improvement was noted for the three knowledge variables. Intentions to play in the shade increased from 68% to 75%(p < 0.001) with more modest changes in intentions to use sunscreen. Attitudes regarding healthiness of a tan also decreased significantly.
Brief, standardized sun protection education can be efficiently interwoven into existing school curricula, and result in improvements in knowledge and positive intentions for sun protection.
在美国,黑色素瘤发病率的上升速度比任何其他可预防的癌症都要快。儿童时期暴露于紫外线(UV)会增加成年后患皮肤癌的风险,因此尽早养成积极的防晒习惯可能是降低这种疾病发病率的关键。
通过对参与项目的学生和教师进行调查,对美国环境保护局的“阳光明智学校计划”进行了评估,该计划是一项针对中小学(幼儿园至八年级)儿童阳光安全的全国性环境与健康教育计划。
来自42个州102所学校的学生完成了前测(n = 5625)和后测(n = 5028)。三个知识变量有显著改善。在阴凉处玩耍的意愿从68%提高到75%(p < 0.001),使用防晒霜意愿的变化则较为温和。对晒黑有益健康的态度也显著下降。
简短、标准化的防晒教育可以有效地融入现有的学校课程,并能提高防晒知识水平和养成积极的防晒意愿。