Nimchuk Zachary, Eulgem Thomas, Holt Ben F, Dangl Jeffery L
Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3280, USA.
Annu Rev Genet. 2003;37:579-609. doi: 10.1146/annurev.genet.37.110801.142628.
Molecular communication between plants and potential pathogens determines the ultimate outcome of their interaction. The directed delivery of microbial molecules into and around the host cell, and the subsequent perception of these by the invaded plant tissue (or lack thereof), determines the difference between disease and disease resistance. In theory, any foreign molecule produced by an invading pathogen could act as an elicitor of the broad physiological and transcriptional re-programming indicative of a plant defense response. The diversity of elicitors recognized by plants seems to support this hypothesis. Additionally, these elicitors are often virulence factors from the pathogen recognized by the host. This recognition, though genetically as simple as a ligand-receptor interaction, may require additional host proteins that are the nominal targets of virulence factor action. Transduction of recognition probably requires regulated protein degradation and results in massive changes in cellular homeostasis, including a programmed cell death known as the hypersensitive response that indicates a successful, if perhaps over-zealous, disease resistance response.
植物与潜在病原体之间的分子通讯决定了它们相互作用的最终结果。微生物分子向宿主细胞内及其周围的定向传递，以及随后被入侵植物组织对这些分子的感知（或未感知到），决定了疾病与抗病性之间的差异。理论上，入侵病原体产生的任何外来分子都可能作为引发植物防御反应所特有的广泛生理和转录重编程的激发子。植物所识别的激发子的多样性似乎支持这一假说。此外，这些激发子通常是宿主所识别的病原体的毒力因子。这种识别虽然在基因层面上就像配体-受体相互作用一样简单，但可能需要其他宿主蛋白，而这些蛋白正是毒力因子作用的名义靶点。识别的转导可能需要受调控的蛋白质降解，并导致细胞内稳态的巨大变化，包括一种称为过敏反应的程序性细胞死亡，这表明抗病反应即便可能过度，但却是成功的。
