Braunstahl G-J, Fokkens W
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Allergy. 2003 Dec;58(12):1235-43. doi: 10.1046/j.0105-4538.2003.00354.x.
Even since the late 19th century, a relationship has been suspected between upper airway disease and the subsequent development or aggravation of asthma symptoms. To date, it has been generally accepted that pathologic conditions of the upper airways, e.g. allergic rhinitis, chronic sinusitis and nasal polyposis, may influence the lower airways. However, the mechanisms underlying this relationship were, for a long time, poorly understood. Recently, evidence has been accumulating which indicates a systemic connection as one of the responsible mechanisms in nasobronchial crosstalk. In this review, the pathophysiologic and immunologic aspects of the interaction between upper and lower airways will be discussed.
自19世纪末以来，人们就怀疑上呼吸道疾病与随后哮喘症状的发生或加重之间存在关联。迄今为止，上呼吸道的病理状况，如过敏性鼻炎、慢性鼻窦炎和鼻息肉，可能影响下呼吸道这一观点已被普遍接受。然而，这种关系背后的机制长期以来一直未被充分理解。最近，越来越多的证据表明，全身联系是鼻支气管相互作用的一种致病机制。在这篇综述中，将讨论上、下呼吸道相互作用的病理生理和免疫学方面。
