Kammerlander Gerhard, Eberlein Thomas
Wound Competence Centre, Linz, Austria.
Nurs Times. 2003;99(42):54-6.
Haemostasis and fibrin formation contribute to the formation of a wound scab following skin damage. This process facilitates repair by providing a matrix within which cell migration and angiogenesis take place (van Hinsbergh, 2001; Phillips, 2000). Following injury, macrophages, which are normally present in tissue, increase in number, attracted by chemical messages released by the activation of the inflammatory process. They release the protein chemical messages, growth factors and growth stimulants needed to orchestrate the healing process (Leibovich and Ross, 1975). Macrophages have an essential role in the transition from wound inflammation to wound repair, the latter being characterised by the formation of granulation tissue (Clark, 1985).
止血和纤维蛋白形成有助于皮肤损伤后伤口痂皮的形成。这一过程通过提供一个细胞迁移和血管生成发生的基质来促进修复（范·欣斯伯格，2001年；菲利普斯，2000年）。受伤后，通常存在于组织中的巨噬细胞数量增加，被炎症过程激活释放的化学信号所吸引。它们释放协调愈合过程所需的蛋白质化学信号、生长因子和生长刺激剂（莱博维奇和罗斯，1975年）。巨噬细胞在从伤口炎症向伤口修复的转变中起着至关重要的作用，伤口修复的特征是肉芽组织的形成（克拉克，1985年）。
