Steidlová S, Kalac P
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia, Ceské Budĕjovice, Czech Republic.
Arch Tierernahr. 2003 Oct;57(5):359-68. doi: 10.1080/00039420310001607716.
Silages from five ripened varieties of silage maize with dry matter contents ranging between 275 and 410 g/kg were prepared in five laboratory experiments. Whole-plant maize was fermented at 22 degrees C and silages were then stored at the same temperature for 4 months. Spontaneously fermented silages were prepared as control variants and compared with silages inoculated with commercial strains of Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobzcillus buchneri and a mixed preparation Microsil containing L. plantarum, Lactobacillus casei, Enterococcus faecium and Pediococcus pentosaceus. The starter cultures were applied at doses 5 x 10(5) and 5 x 10(6) CFU/g of chopped maize. Seven biogenic amines and polyamines were extracted from silages with perchloric acid and determined as N-benzamides by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography. Common chemical criteria of silage quality were also determined. All three inoculants, mainly at the higher dose, decreased significantly contents of tyramine, putrescine and cadaverine, three undesirable amines occurring at the highest levels. L. plantarum was the most effective. Contents of histamine and tryptamine were low in all experimental silages. Also relatively low were levels of polyamines spermidine and mainly of spermine.
在五项实验室试验中，制备了五种成熟青贮玉米品种的青贮饲料，其干物质含量在275至410克/千克之间。全株玉米在22摄氏度下发酵，然后青贮饲料在相同温度下储存4个月。制备自然发酵的青贮饲料作为对照变体，并与接种植物乳杆菌、布氏乳杆菌商业菌株以及含有植物乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、粪肠球菌和戊糖片球菌的混合制剂Microsil的青贮饲料进行比较。发酵剂以5×10⁵和5×10⁶CFU/克切碎玉米的剂量施用。用高氯酸从青贮饲料中提取七种生物胺和多胺，并通过胶束电动毛细管色谱法测定为N-苯甲酰胺。还测定了青贮饲料质量的常见化学指标。所有三种接种剂，主要是高剂量时，显著降低了酪胺、腐胺和尸胺的含量，这三种不良胺类含量最高。植物乳杆菌最为有效。所有试验青贮饲料中组胺和色胺的含量都很低。多胺亚精胺和主要是精胺的水平也相对较低。
