Surveillance of nosocomial transmission of Candida albicans in an intensive care unit by DNA fingerprinting.

The frequency of nosocomial transmission of the opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida albicans in an intensive care unit was tested by DNA fingerprinting of 91 isolates from 32 hospitalized patients with the mid-repetitive Ca3 DNA probe. This showed that serial isolates of C. albicans from individual patients belonged to genetically distinct strains. In comparison with nosocomial bacterial pathogens, the transmission of C. albicans in an intensive care unit occurred at a much lower frequency. In conclusion, the threat of C. albicans infection does not lie within the hospital, but in commensal isolates. These findings are relevant for infection control practices.