Bedhomme S, Agnew P, Sidobre C, Michalakis Y
Centre d'Etudes sur le Polymorphisme des Microorganismes, UMR CNRS-IRD 9926, Montpellier cedex 5, France.
J Evol Biol. 2003 Jul;16(4):721-30. doi: 10.1046/j.1420-9101.2003.00576.x.
As the relationship between a given life-history trait and fitness is not necessarily the same for the two sexes, an 'intersexual ontogenetic conflict' may arise. We analysed the phenotypic reaction to intraspecific larval competition of the mosquito, Aedes aegypti, asking: (i) Do both sexes pay the cost of competition with the same life-history traits and are they equal competitors? (ii) Is there a specific cost of competition beyond sharing food resources? We found that competition incurs a specific cost that was expressed differently by the two sexes. Indeed, each sex maintained the more important life-history trait(s) for their fitness (developmental time for males and body weight and size for females) at the expense of other traits, thus minimizing the effects of competition on their fitness. The competition exerted by females was estimated as being more intense, probably linked with the greater importance of body size for their fitness.
由于特定生活史特征与适合度之间的关系在两性中不一定相同，可能会出现“两性个体发育冲突”。我们分析了埃及伊蚊对种内幼虫竞争的表型反应，提出以下问题：（i）两性是否以相同的生活史特征付出竞争代价，它们是同等的竞争者吗？（ii）除了共享食物资源外，是否存在特定的竞争代价？我们发现竞争会产生特定的代价，两性对此的表现不同。实际上，每一种性别都以牺牲其他特征为代价，维持对其适合度更为重要的生活史特征（雄性的发育时间以及雌性的体重和体型），从而将竞争对其适合度的影响降至最低。据估计，雌性施加的竞争更为激烈，这可能与体型对其适合度更为重要有关。
