Parvinen K, Dieckmann U, Gyllenberg M, Metz J A J
Department of Mathematics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
J Evol Biol. 2003 Jan;16(1):143-53. doi: 10.1046/j.1420-9101.2003.00478.x.
In this paper, we predict the outcome of dispersal evolution in metapopulations based on the following assumptions: (i) population dynamics within patches are density-regulated by realistic growth functions; (ii) demographic stochasticity resulting from finite population sizes within patches is accounted for; and (iii) the transition of individuals between patches is explicitly modelled by a disperser pool. We show, first, that evolutionarily stable dispersal rates do not necessarily increase with rates for the local extinction of populations due to external disturbances in habitable patches. Second, we describe how demographic stochasticity affects the evolution of dispersal rates: evolutionarily stable dispersal rates remain high even when disturbance-related rates of local extinction are low, and a variety of qualitatively different responses of adapted dispersal rates to varied levels of disturbance become possible. This paper shows, for the first time, that evolution of dispersal rates may give rise to monotonically increasing or decreasing responses, as well as to intermediate maxima or minima.
在本文中，我们基于以下假设预测异质种群中扩散进化的结果：（i）斑块内的种群动态由现实的增长函数进行密度调节；（ii）考虑斑块内有限种群规模导致的人口统计学随机性；以及（iii）通过一个扩散者库明确模拟个体在斑块之间的转移。我们首先表明，由于适宜居住斑块受到外部干扰，进化上稳定的扩散率不一定会随着种群局部灭绝率的增加而增加。其次，我们描述了人口统计学随机性如何影响扩散率的进化：即使与干扰相关的局部灭绝率较低，进化上稳定的扩散率仍然很高，并且适应的扩散率对不同干扰水平可能会有各种性质不同的响应。本文首次表明，扩散率的进化可能会导致单调增加或减少的响应，以及中间的最大值或最小值。
