工作记忆容量及其与一般智力的关系。

Working memory capacity and its relation to general intelligence.

作者信息

Conway Andrew R A, Kane Michael J, Engle Randall W

机构信息

University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychology (M/C 285), 1007 W Harrison Street, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.

出版信息

Trends Cogn Sci. 2003 Dec;7(12):547-52. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2003.10.005.

DOI:10.1016/j.tics.2003.10.005

PMID:14643371

Abstract

Early investigations of working memory capacity (WMC) and reasoning ability suggested that WMC might be the basis of Spearman's g. However, recent work has uncovered details about the basic processes involved in working memory tasks, which has resulted in a more principled approach to task development. As a result, claims now being made about the relation between WMC and g are more cautious. A review of the recent research reveals that WMC and g are indeed highly related, but not identical. Furthermore, WM span tasks involve an executive-control mechanism that is recruited to combat interference and this ability is mediated by portions of the prefrontal cortex. More combined experimental-differential research is needed to understand better the basis of the WMC-g relation.

摘要

对工作记忆容量（WMC）和推理能力的早期研究表明，WMC可能是斯皮尔曼g因素的基础。然而，最近的研究揭示了工作记忆任务所涉及的基本过程的细节，这导致了一种更具原则性的任务开发方法。因此，现在关于WMC与g因素之间关系的论断更加谨慎。对近期研究的综述表明，WMC和g因素确实高度相关，但并不等同。此外，工作记忆广度任务涉及一种用于对抗干扰的执行控制机制，这种能力由前额叶皮层的部分区域介导。需要更多的结合实验与差异研究，以更好地理解WMC与g因素关系的基础。