MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2003 Nov 28;52(47):1145-8.
Since the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in 1996, progression from receiving diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection to having acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has slowed substantially, making HIV-transmission patterns less predictable through AIDS surveillance alone. Consequently, CDC has recommended that states report diagnoses of HIV infections in addition to cases of AIDS. Recent estimates of HIV diagnoses suggested a leveling of the downward trend in HIV infections nationally and increases in HIV infections among certain populations. Reports of syphilis outbreaks and increased unprotected sex raised concerns regarding increases in HIV transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM). In response to these developments, CDC analyzed trends in HIV diagnoses in 29 states that conducted name-based HIV/AIDS surveillance during 1999-2002. This report summarizes the results of that study, which indicated that HIV diagnoses increased among men, particularly MSM, and also among non-Hispanic whites and Hispanics. The findings emphasize the need for new prevention strategies to reverse potential increases in HIV transmission among these populations.
自1996年高效抗逆转录病毒疗法（HAART）问世以来，从被诊断为感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）到发展为获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）的进程已大幅放缓，这使得仅通过艾滋病监测来预测HIV传播模式变得不那么可靠。因此，美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）建议各州除报告艾滋病病例外，还应报告HIV感染的诊断情况。近期对HIV诊断的估计表明，全国范围内HIV感染的下降趋势趋于平稳，且某些人群中的HIV感染有所增加。梅毒疫情报告以及无保护性行为的增多引发了人们对男男性行为者（MSM）中HIV传播增加的担忧。针对这些情况，CDC分析了1999 - 2002年期间开展基于姓名的HIV/AIDS监测的29个州的HIV诊断趋势。本报告总结了该研究的结果，结果显示男性，尤其是男男性行为者，以及非西班牙裔白人及西班牙裔中的HIV诊断有所增加。这些发现强调了需要新的预防策略来扭转这些人群中HIV传播可能出现的增长态势。
