Corrêa Leite M L, Nicolosi A, Cristina S, Hauser W A, Pugliese P, Nappi G
Department of Epidemiology and Medical Informatics, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Via Fratelli Cervi, 20090 Segrate, Milan, Italy.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003 Dec;57(12):1514-21. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601719.
To describe the food consumption patterns of Italian elderly subjects and the factors associated with different dietary habits.
Cross-sectional study.
Population-based study.
A total of 847 men and 1465 women aged 65 y or older, living in rural areas in the province of Pavia (Northern Italy) and near Cosenza (Southern Italy) in 1992-1993.
The dietary information was collected by means of a quantitative food-frequency questionnaire, with cluster analysis being used to segregate the subjects on the basis of similarities in their food consumption. A generalised logistic regression model including residence, age, living status, education, physical activity and degree of disability was fitted to assess the factors associated with different food consumption habits.
Six dietary clusters were selected for men and seven for women. The largest cluster for both genders was "small eaters" (46% of men and 51% of women); "big eaters", "light diet" and "alcohol" clusters were also identified for both genders. The men were also grouped into "balanced diet" and "cheese" clusters, and the women into "sweet", "greens" and "butter" clusters.
In addition to the influence of the area of residence--residents in Northern Italy consume greater amounts of animal fats, sugar and alcoholic beverages, and those living in Southern Italy have a greater intake of fruit, vegetables, fish and olive oil--all of the other studied variables predicted the probabilities of falling into a specific dietary cluster.
National Research Council (Italy)--Invecchiamento Project No. 95.01048. PF40.
描述意大利老年人群的食物消费模式以及与不同饮食习惯相关的因素。
横断面研究。
基于人群的研究。
1992 - 1993年，居住在意大利北部帕维亚省农村地区以及科森扎（意大利南部）附近的847名65岁及以上男性和1465名65岁及以上女性。
通过定量食物频率问卷收集饮食信息，采用聚类分析根据食物消费的相似性对研究对象进行分类。采用广义逻辑回归模型，纳入居住地区、年龄、生活状况、教育程度、身体活动和残疾程度，以评估与不同食物消费习惯相关的因素。
男性分为6个饮食类别，女性分为7个饮食类别。两性中最大的类别是“少食者”（男性占46%，女性占51%）；还确定了两性共有的“多食者”“清淡饮食”和“饮酒者”类别。男性还被分为“均衡饮食”和“奶酪食用者”类别，女性被分为“甜食爱好者”“蔬菜食用者”和“黄油食用者”类别。
除了居住地区的影响（意大利北部居民摄入更多动物脂肪、糖和酒精饮料，而意大利南部居民摄入更多水果、蔬菜、鱼和橄榄油）之外，所有其他研究变量都可预测归入特定饮食类别的概率。
意大利国家研究委员会——老化项目第95.01048号。PF40。
