Kraus Beth M, Parente Eric J, Tulleners Eric P
Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA 19348, USA.
Vet Surg. 2003 Nov-Dec;32(6):530-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2003.00530.x.
To evaluate efficacy and safety of laryngoplasty with vetriculectomy (VE) or ventriculocordectomy (VCE) for treatment of laryngeal hemiplegia (LH) in draft horses.
Retrospective study.
One hundred four draft horses used for competitive hitch competitions.
Medical records and postoperative endoscopy for competitive hitch draft horses diagnosed with left LH and treated with laryngoplasty and VE or VCE between January 1992 and December 2000 were reviewed. Follow-up information was obtained from telephone interviews with owners and trainers, and performance scores of 1 to 3 were assigned in which 1 was defined as a horse that was unable to perform (abnormal respiratory noise with or without exercise intolerance), 2 was able to perform but not for its intended use (exercise tolerant but abnormal respiratory noise), and 3 was performing as expected for its intended use (exercise tolerant, no abnormal respiratory noise).
One hundred four horses that had 111 laryngoplasty procedures were included. All horses had preoperative performance scores of 1. Follow-up information was available for 79 horses. Improvement in postoperative performance (exercise tolerant, with or without abnormal respiratory noise) was reported in 92% of horses. Respiratory noise was eliminated in 72% (57 horses) of horses. Postoperative performance scores were the following: 3 in 57 (72%) horses, 2 in 16 (20%) horses, and 1 in 6 (8%) horses. There was no significant difference in postoperative performance based on preoperative grade of LH. There was a trend for horses with >/=70% of possible maximal abduction postoperatively to have a performance score of 3. Postanesthetic complications included prolonged recovery (4 horses, 4%) and myopathy or neuropathy (7 horses, 7%). One of these horses was killed because it did stand; triceps myopathy and encephalopathy were confirmed on necropsy.
Laryngoplasty with VE or VCE is an effective and safe procedure for the treatment of LH in the draft horse. Repeat laryngoplasty can be performed successfully, with good performance outcome after laryngoplasty failure. Complications associated with general anesthesia and laryngoplasty in draft horses are higher than reported for light breed horses under similar conditions.
For LH, laryngoplasty with VCE or VE under general anesthesia is recommended to eliminate abnormal respiratory noise and improve performance in most competitive hitch draft horses.
评估采用心室切除术（VE）或心室声带切除术（VCE）进行喉成形术治疗挽马喉偏瘫（LH）的疗效和安全性。
回顾性研究。
104匹用于竞技套车比赛的挽马。
回顾1992年1月至2000年12月间诊断为左喉偏瘫并接受喉成形术及VE或VCE治疗的竞技套车挽马的病历和术后内镜检查结果。通过与马主和驯马师的电话访谈获取随访信息，并给出1至3分的性能评分，其中1分定义为无法参赛的马（无论有无运动不耐受均有异常呼吸音），2分定义为能够参赛但不符合预期用途的马（运动耐受但有异常呼吸音），3分定义为参赛表现符合预期用途的马（运动耐受，无异常呼吸音）。
纳入了接受111次喉成形术的104匹马。所有马术前性能评分为1分。79匹马有随访信息。92%的马术后性能有改善（运动耐受，有或无异常呼吸音）。72%（57匹）的马呼吸音消失。术后性能评分如下：57匹（72%）马为3分，16匹（20%）马为2分，6匹（8%）马为1分。根据术前喉偏瘫分级，术后性能无显著差异。术后外展达到或超过可能最大外展70%的马有获得3分性能评分的趋势。麻醉后并发症包括恢复时间延长（4匹马，4%）和肌病或神经病（7匹马，7%）。其中一匹马因无法站立而被处死；尸检证实有三头肌肌病和脑病。
采用VE或VCE的喉成形术是治疗挽马喉偏瘫的有效且安全的手术。喉成形术失败后可成功进行再次喉成形术，且术后性能良好。挽马全麻及喉成形术相关并发症高于类似条件下轻型马的报道。
对于喉偏瘫，建议在全身麻醉下采用VCE或VE进行喉成形术，以消除异常呼吸音并改善大多数竞技套车挽马的性能。
