Blakelock Russell T, Beasley Spencer W
Christchurch Hospital, New Zealand.
Semin Pediatr Surg. 2003 Nov;12(4):265-74. doi: 10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2003.08.008.
Gastrointestinal symptoms, including vomiting, are caused by a variety of infective organisms in children, many of which are self-limiting and resolve within a week, but others are potentially much more serious in their consequences. Diarrhea, vomiting and abdominal pain are common but nonspecific symptoms. Investigation is dictated by the likely causative organism, given the age and presentation of the child. The role of bacteria in the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis, recognition that Yersinia, Campylobacter and Salmonella may produce symptoms difficult to distinguish clinically from appendicitis, the viral causes of idiopathic intussusception, the occurrence of intussusception after administration of rotavirus vaccine, and the evidence incriminating mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in the aetiology of Crohn disease are discussed.
胃肠道症状，包括呕吐，在儿童中由多种感染性生物体引起，其中许多是自限性的，一周内即可痊愈，但其他一些后果可能严重得多。腹泻、呕吐和腹痛是常见但非特异性的症状。根据儿童的年龄和表现，调查由可能的致病生物体决定。讨论了细菌在坏死性小肠结肠炎发病机制中的作用、耶尔森菌、弯曲杆菌和沙门氏菌可能产生临床上难以与阑尾炎区分的症状、特发性肠套叠的病毒病因、接种轮状病毒疫苗后发生肠套叠以及将鸟分枝杆菌副结核亚种牵连到克罗恩病病因中的证据。
