Geisel Janet
State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Nursing, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.
J Perinat Neonatal Nurs. 2003 Oct-Nov;17(4):268-79. doi: 10.1097/00005237-200310000-00005.
Neural tube defects (NTDs) are common fetal malformations. They are multifactorial in origin, with folic acid as the primary known environmental factor. It is recommended that all women consume 0.4 mg of synthetic folic acid daily if there is any possibility of becoming pregnant. Women who have had a previous pregnancy affected by NTD should increase their folic acid intake to 4.0 mg daily periconceptually. The purpose of this article is to review the relationship between folic acid and NTDs. It also discusses how the knowledge and use of folic acid has affected the incidence of NTDs, and ways in which the knowledge and use of folic acid before pregnancy can be increased.
神经管缺陷（NTDs）是常见的胎儿畸形。其病因是多因素的，已知叶酸是主要的环境因素。建议所有有可能怀孕的女性每天摄入0.4毫克合成叶酸。既往有过受神经管缺陷影响的妊娠的女性，在受孕前后应将叶酸摄入量增加至每日4.0毫克。本文的目的是综述叶酸与神经管缺陷之间的关系。还讨论了叶酸的知识和使用如何影响神经管缺陷的发生率，以及提高孕前叶酸知识和使用的方法。
