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注意缺陷多动障碍儿童长期使用兴奋剂:安全性、有效性及长期转归

Long-term use of stimulants in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: safety, efficacy, and long-term outcome.

作者信息

Hechtman Lily, Greenfield Brian

机构信息

Division of Child Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

出版信息

Paediatr Drugs. 2003;5(12):787-94. doi: 10.2165/00148581-200305120-00002.

Abstract

The purpose of this review is to summarize existing data on the long-term safety and efficacy of stimulant treatment, and how long-term stimulant treatment of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects their outcome. Existing controlled studies of children with ADHD treated and untreated with stimulants, as well as long-term prospective follow-up studies, are reviewed. Children with ADHD treated with stimulants for as long as 2 years continue to benefit from the treatment, with improvements observed in ADHD symptoms, comorbid oppositional defiant disorder, and academic and social functioning, with no significant problems of tolerance or adverse effects. Long-term, prospective follow-up studies into adulthood show that stimulant treatment in childhood has slight benefits regarding social skills and self-esteem. Long-term adverse effects from stimulant treatment in childhood regarding adult height or future substance abuse have not been supported by existing studies.

摘要

本综述的目的是总结关于兴奋剂治疗长期安全性和有效性的现有数据,以及对注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童进行长期兴奋剂治疗如何影响其预后。本文回顾了对使用和未使用兴奋剂治疗的ADHD儿童的现有对照研究,以及长期前瞻性随访研究。接受长达2年兴奋剂治疗的ADHD儿童持续从治疗中获益,ADHD症状、共病的对立违抗障碍以及学业和社交功能均有改善,且未出现明显的耐受性问题或不良反应。对成年期的长期前瞻性随访研究表明,儿童期的兴奋剂治疗在社交技能和自尊方面有轻微益处。现有研究并未证实儿童期兴奋剂治疗对成人身高或未来药物滥用存在长期不良影响。

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