Gustafsson I B, Vessby B, Nydahl M
Department of Geriatrics, University of Uppsala, Sweden.
Atherosclerosis. 1992 Oct;96(2-3):109-18. doi: 10.1016/0021-9150(92)90057-n.
Controlled comparisons of the effects of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) as a part of lipid-lowering diets in persons with hyperlipoproteinaemia are sparse. The present study was carried out at a metabolic ward. Forty hyperlipidaemic patients (25 hypercholesterolaemic and 15 hypertriglyceridaemic) were given a 3-week diet rich in either MUFA (saturated fatty acids 7.3 energy% (E%), MUFA 14.6 E%, PUFA 4.8 E%) or PUFA (saturated fatty acids 7.8 E%, MUFA 8.4 E%, PUFA 10.4 E%), but otherwise with an identical composition. The mean serum cholesterol reduction on the MUFA diet was 12% (P < 0.001), with a low density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction of 11% (P < 0.001). The corresponding reductions on the PUFA diet were 15% (P < 0.001) and 16% (P < 0.001). The serum apolipoprotein B and A-I concentrations decreased highly significantly by 13% and 11% on the MUFA diet and by 14% and 11% on the PUFA diet. None of these changes differed between the two diets. Neither were there any differences between the diets regarding the effects on blood glucose, serum insulin and plasma fibrinogen, but there was a significant decrease in serum insulin with a significant reduction of the insulin/glucose ratio after the MUFA diet. The results of this study indicate that MUFA and PUFA are interchangeable within the given frames in lipid lowering diets even in patients with hyperlipidaemia.
关于单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）和多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）作为高脂蛋白血症患者降脂饮食一部分的效果的对照比较研究较少。本研究在代谢病房进行。40名高脂血症患者（25名高胆固醇血症患者和15名高甘油三酯血症患者）被给予为期3周的富含MUFA（饱和脂肪酸占能量的7.3%（E%），MUFA占14.6 E%，PUFA占4.8 E%）或PUFA（饱和脂肪酸占7.8 E%，MUFA占8.4 E%，PUFA占10.4 E%）的饮食，但其他方面成分相同。MUFA饮食组的平均血清胆固醇降低了12%（P<0.001），低密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低了11%（P<0.001）。PUFA饮食组相应的降低幅度分别为其15%（P<0.001）和16%（P<0.001）。MUFA饮食组血清载脂蛋白B和A-I浓度显著降低，分别降低了13%和11%，PUFA饮食组分别降低了14%和11%。两种饮食之间这些变化均无差异。两种饮食对血糖、血清胰岛素和血浆纤维蛋白原的影响也没有差异，但MUFA饮食后血清胰岛素显著降低，胰岛素/葡萄糖比值显著下降。本研究结果表明，即使在高脂血症患者中，在给定的降脂饮食框架内，MUFA和PUFA是可互换的。
