Wahrburg U, Martin H, Sandkamp M, Schulte H, Assmann G
Institute for Arteriosclerosis Research, University of Münster, Germany.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1992 Oct;56(4):678-83. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/56.4.678.
This crossover study investigated the effects of two fat-reduced diets, one rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), the other rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), on serum lipid profiles in 38 healthy young adults initially on a typical western diet. After being randomly assigned to two groups, the subjects received the MUFA or PUFA diet for 3-wk and then the other diet for 3 wk. Both test diets led to significant reductions in serum cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol (P less than 0.001). Both reduced apolipoprotein B (P less than 0.001) and apolipoprotein A-I concentrations (P less than 0.01 for the MUFA, P less than 0.001 for the PUFA diet). Apolipoprotein A-I was significantly higher on the MUFA than on the PUFA diet. The ratio of apolipoprotein A-I to B significantly increased on both diets. Thus, a low-fat, MUFA-rich diet is as effective as a low-fat, PUFA-rich diet in lowering total and LDL cholesterol, but both also lowered HDL cholesterol concentrations. The MUFA-rich diet may be more advantageous than the PUFA-rich one because it does not lower apolipoprotein A-I concentrations as much as the PUFA-rich diet.
这项交叉研究调查了两种低脂饮食对38名最初采用典型西方饮食的健康年轻成年人血脂谱的影响，一种饮食富含单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA），另一种富含多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）。在被随机分为两组后，受试者先接受3周的MUFA或PUFA饮食，然后再接受3周的另一种饮食。两种试验饮食均导致血清胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著降低（P<0.001）。两种饮食均降低了载脂蛋白B（P<0.001）和载脂蛋白A-I浓度（MUFA饮食P<0.01，PUFA饮食P<0.001）。MUFA饮食组的载脂蛋白A-I显著高于PUFA饮食组。两种饮食中载脂蛋白A-I与B的比值均显著增加。因此，低脂、富含MUFA的饮食在降低总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇方面与低脂、富含PUFA的饮食同样有效，但两者也都降低了高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度。富含MUFA的饮食可能比富含PUFA的饮食更具优势，因为它不像富含PUFA的饮食那样大幅降低载脂蛋白A-I浓度。
