Thang Nguyen Minh, Popkin Barry M
Population Research Consultants, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2003;12(4):405-10.
In the past decade of economic growth, Vietnam has achieved an impressive rate of socioeconomic development. However, the rate of improvement in child malnutrition lags far behind that of most other health indicators. This study examines factors other than income that might affect this inability to reduce rapidly child malnutrition by exploring the socioeconomic factors that explain the high rates of stunting and underweight status of many Vietnamese children. A nationally representative survey of Vietnamese households, the 1997-98 Vietnam Living Standards Survey (VLSS) is used. Multivariate logit is used for regression analysis. The key parameters are household poverty status, total expenditure level, rural residence, and minority status with controls for many key socio-demographic measures. Children from rural households, poor households, and ethnic minority backgrounds are significantly more likely to be malnourished (with a 17.6%, 10.9%, and 14.1%, respectively, greater prevalence of malnutrition) than are urban residents, non-poor households, and the majority Kinh population. These results suggest that economic improvements in Vietnam have, for the most part, bypassed the rural poor and minorities and that targeting economic resources towards these groups will be most critical for reducing undernutrition in Vietnam.
在过去十年的经济增长中，越南实现了令人瞩目的社会经济发展速度。然而，儿童营养不良状况的改善速度远远落后于大多数其他健康指标。本研究通过探究解释众多越南儿童发育迟缓率和体重不足状况居高不下的社会经济因素，考察了除收入以外可能影响无法迅速降低儿童营养不良状况的其他因素。使用了具有全国代表性的越南家庭调查——1997 - 1998年越南生活水平调查（VLSS）。多元逻辑回归用于回归分析。关键参数包括家庭贫困状况、总支出水平、农村居住情况以及少数族裔身份，并对许多关键的社会人口统计学指标进行了控制。与城市居民、非贫困家庭以及主体京族人口相比，来自农村家庭、贫困家庭和少数民族背景的儿童营养不良的可能性显著更高（营养不良患病率分别高出17.6%、10.9%和14.1%）。这些结果表明，越南的经济改善在很大程度上惠及未到农村贫困人群和少数民族，并且将经济资源投向这些群体对于减少越南的营养不良状况最为关键。
