非洲流离失所人群中创伤后应激障碍的患病率及相关因素：一项系统综述和荟萃分析
Prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder and associated factors among displaced people in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者信息
Andualem Fantahun, Melkam Mamaru, Takelle Girmaw Medfu, Nakie Girum, Tinsae Techilo, Fentahun Setegn, Rtbey Gidey, Begashaw Tesfaye Derbie, Seid Jemal, Tegegn Lidiya Fasil, Gedef Getachew Muluye, Bitew Desalegn Anmut, Godana Tilahun Nega
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Psychiatry College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Front Psychiatry. 2024 Mar 5;15:1336665. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1336665. eCollection 2024.
BACKGROUND
The number of people who have been displaced from their homes due to violence, conflict, and natural disasters. The displaced persons are vulnerable to PTSD; however, being women, individuals with lower socio-economic status and intense exposure to physical assault are more vulnerable. The reviews stated that the pooled prevalence of PTSD among refugees in high-income countries was higher than the general population. However, there has been no review done on PTSD among displaced persons in Africa. Therefore, the aim of this review was to summarise the most recent data evidence on the pooled prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder and the pooled effect of associated factors on adult displaced people in Africa.
METHODS
We used an appropriate guideline for systematic reviews and meta-analyses reports, which is the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). This review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023411371). The publications were identified from PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Scopus databases, and other grey searches of Google Scholar and World Health Organisation (WHO) reports. The data was extracted in Microsoft Excel, and then it will be imported into STATA 11.0 for analysis.
RESULTS
We have included 10 studies conducted in African countries with 5287 study participants. In this meta-analysis, the pooled prevalence of PTSD among displaced people in Africa was 55.64 (95% CI: 42.76-68.41%). Further, in subgroup analysis regarding the study participants, the pooled prevalence of PTSD among internally displaced people and refugees was 56.35% and 54.04%, respectively. Among the associated factors, being female, unemployed, and depression were significantly related to PTSD among displaced people.
CONCLUSIONS
In this review, the pooled prevalence of PTSD among displaced people in Africa was high. Demographic characteristics (female, single, and unemployed), substance use disorder, and depression were risk factors for PTSD among displaced people. This finding might help the stakeholders (mental health policy makers, administrators, and mental health professionals) to address the prevention, early screening, and management of PTSD among displaced people and to give attention to more vulnerable bodies.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
PROSPERO, identifier CRD42023411371.
背景
因暴力、冲突和自然灾害而背井离乡的人数。流离失所者易患创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）；然而，女性、社会经济地位较低者以及遭受严重身体攻击的人更容易患病。综述指出，高收入国家难民中PTSD的合并患病率高于普通人群。然而，尚未对非洲流离失所者中的PTSD进行综述。因此，本综述的目的是总结关于非洲成年流离失所者创伤后应激障碍合并患病率以及相关因素合并效应的最新数据证据。
方法
我们使用了系统评价和荟萃分析报告的适当指南，即系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）。本综述方案已在国际前瞻性系统评价注册库（PROSPERO）注册（注册号：CRD42023411371）。从PubMed/Medline、EMBASE、Cochrane图书馆、Scopus数据库以及谷歌学术和世界卫生组织（WHO）报告的其他灰色文献搜索中识别出版物。数据在Microsoft Excel中提取，然后导入STATA 11.0进行分析。
结果
我们纳入了在非洲国家进行的10项研究，共有5287名研究参与者。在这项荟萃分析中，非洲流离失所者中PTSD的合并患病率为55.64%（95%置信区间：[42.76 - 68.41]%）。此外，在关于研究参与者的亚组分析中，境内流离失所者和难民中PTSD的合并患病率分别为56.35%和54.04%。在相关因素中，女性、失业和抑郁与流离失所者中的PTSD显著相关。
结论
在本综述中，非洲流离失所者中PTSD的合并患病率很高。人口统计学特征（女性、单身和失业）、物质使用障碍和抑郁是流离失所者中PTSD的危险因素。这一发现可能有助于利益相关者（心理健康政策制定者、管理人员和心理健康专业人员）应对流离失所者中PTSD的预防、早期筛查和管理，并关注更易受影响的群体。
系统评价注册
国际前瞻性系统评价注册库（PROSPERO），标识符CRD42023411371
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