Almind M, Viskum K, Evald T, Dirksen A, Kok-Jensen A
Medical Department P, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen.
Dan Med Bull. 1992 Dec;39(6):561-5.
A study of 343 urban adult outpatients with a history of bronchial asthma was initiated in 1981. Asthma was verified by a reversibility in airflow obstruction of at least 0.5 1 in forced expiratory volume (FEV1) (70%). The rest of the 343 patients was included because of diurnal variations of at least 100 l/min in peak expiratory flow (PEF) (22%), or because of a characteristic history of asthma (8%). In 1988, a follow-up study was performed. Two hundred-fourteen patients replied (80%), 100 women and 114 men. Fifty-four did not respond, but were known to be alive. Twenty-one had emigrated; of these, the fate of five was unknown. The mortality rate was significantly raised among the men (Standard mortality rate (SMR) = 1.55). In 19%, the cause of death was pulmonary. Seventeen percent were found dead. In these, no cause of death was obvious, and they may have died from an exacerbation of their pulmonary disease. One hundred and forty-four had non-allergic and 69 allergic asthma verified retrospectively by positive skin prick test in 1988. One was not tested and not classified. Seventy-five percent of the whole group were smokers. An annual decline of approximately 90 ml per year in FEV1 was found in both groups and was only partially explained by smoking and ageing. The remaining observed decline in lung function may be caused by asthma. Reversibility of 0.5 l in FEV1 was only maintained in the allergic group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
1981年启动了一项针对343名有支气管哮喘病史的城市成年门诊患者的研究。通过至少0.5升的用力呼气量（FEV1）气流阻塞可逆性（70%）来确诊哮喘。其余343名患者纳入研究是因为呼气峰值流速（PEF）的日变化至少为100升/分钟（22%），或因为有典型的哮喘病史（8%）。1988年进行了一项随访研究。214名患者回复（80%），其中100名女性和114名男性。54名未回复，但已知还活着。21名已移民；其中5人的命运未知。男性的死亡率显著升高（标准死亡率（SMR）=1.55）。19%的死亡原因是肺部疾病。17%被发现死亡。在这些人中，死亡原因不明显，可能死于肺部疾病加重。1988年通过皮肤点刺试验阳性回顾性确诊144例为非过敏性哮喘，69例为过敏性哮喘。1例未检测未分类。整个组中75%为吸烟者。两组均发现FEV1每年约下降90毫升，且仅部分可由吸烟和衰老解释。其余观察到的肺功能下降可能由哮喘引起。FEV1 0.5升的可逆性仅在过敏性组中维持。（摘要截断于250字）
