Huovinen E, Kaprio J, Vesterinen E, Koskenvuo M
Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Thorax. 1997 Jan;52(1):49-54. doi: 10.1136/thx.52.1.49.
Few studies have been published on the overall survival of adult patients with asthma. A cohort study was performed to assess the mortality from all causes, from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and from lung cancer among adult asthmatic subjects.
A population of 31,110 Finnish adult women and men, mostly twins, was studied to compare the 16 year mortality rates among asthmatic (n = 471) and non-asthmatic persons. A further 293 twin pairs, discordant for asthma, were also studied to determine whether the mortality of patients with asthma differs from that of their age matched siblings.
Mortality from all causes was increased among asthmatic adults (age adjusted hazard ratios 1.49, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.05 for men and 1.53, 95% CI 1.10 to 2.13 for women), and mortality due to chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases was also significantly increased in asthmatic subjects. The risk of death due to lung cancer was increased in men with asthma (hazard ratio adjusted for smoking 3.19, 95% CI 1.39 to 7.31). The risk ratios found among twins discordant for asthma corresponded to those found in the whole cohort.
Survival in adults with asthma is worse than in those without asthma. The excess deaths due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease may explain some part of the increased mortality rates, but not all of it.
关于成年哮喘患者的总体生存率，发表的研究较少。开展了一项队列研究，以评估成年哮喘患者的全因死亡率、慢性阻塞性肺疾病导致的死亡率以及肺癌导致的死亡率。
对31110名芬兰成年男女（大多为双胞胎）进行研究，比较哮喘患者（n = 471）和非哮喘患者的16年死亡率。还对另外293对哮喘不一致的双胞胎进行了研究，以确定哮喘患者的死亡率是否与其年龄匹配的兄弟姐妹不同。
成年哮喘患者的全因死亡率增加（年龄调整后的风险比，男性为1.49，95%可信区间为1.09至2.05；女性为1.53，95%可信区间为1.10至2.13），哮喘患者因慢性阻塞性肺疾病导致的死亡率也显著增加。哮喘男性因肺癌死亡的风险增加（调整吸烟因素后的风险比为3.19，95%可信区间为1.39至7.31）。在哮喘不一致的双胞胎中发现的风险比与整个队列中发现的风险比一致。
成年哮喘患者的生存率低于非哮喘患者。慢性阻塞性肺疾病导致的额外死亡可能解释了死亡率增加的部分原因，但不是全部原因。
