Selden Samuel T
Department of Dermatology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Chesapeake 23322, USA.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2004 Jan;50(1):93-7. doi: 10.1016/s0190-9622(03)02737-3.
Tickle is a familiar sensation that may have two components: a light or feather-type noxious sensation termed by Hall and Allin as knismesis, and a heavy or laughter-associated sensation termed gargalesis. Studies on the sensation of tickle have generally been on one sensation or the other, but not on both. In pleasurable, laughter-associated tickle there are elements of touch and pleasure, but the sensation may be a synthesis of touch and itch, with receptors, neural pathways or central receptors different from knismesis. It is unclear why some skin sites are more ticklish than other sites. Laughter-associated tickle might best be considered a social behavior rather than a reflex. This behavior provides interaction between mother and child, helps to integrate a child with peers and adults in play, and may become part of the mating ritual or sexual foreplay. In tickle play there are elements of dominance and submission, with accompanying laughter and withdrawal developed as the signals of submission. In this scenario, ticklish areas of skin might be considered those areas most vital to the ticklee and allowed to be invaded in the dominance submission play.
瘙痒是一种常见的感觉，可能有两个组成部分：一种轻微的或类似羽毛的有害感觉，霍尔和阿林将其称为“轻痒感”，以及一种强烈的或与笑相关的感觉，称为“重痒感”。关于瘙痒感觉的研究通常只针对其中一种感觉，而非两者兼顾。在令人愉悦的、与笑相关的瘙痒中，存在触觉和愉悦的元素，但这种感觉可能是触觉和瘙痒的综合，其感受器、神经通路或中枢感受器与轻痒感不同。目前尚不清楚为什么有些皮肤部位比其他部位更容易发痒。与笑相关的瘙痒最好被视为一种社会行为而非反射。这种行为提供了母婴之间的互动，有助于儿童在玩耍中与同龄人和成年人融合，并且可能成为交配仪式或性前戏的一部分。在瘙痒游戏中存在支配和顺从的元素，伴随着笑声和退缩，这些成为顺从的信号。在这种情况下，皮肤的易痒部位可能被认为是对被挠痒者最为重要的那些部位，并且在支配 - 顺从游戏中允许被触碰。
