Chandrasekhar Anand
Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
Dev Dyn. 2004 Jan;229(1):143-61. doi: 10.1002/dvdy.10444.
The cranial motor neurons innervate muscles that control eye, jaw, and facial movements of the vertebrate head and parasympathetic neurons that innervate certain glands and organs. These efferent neurons develop at characteristic locations in the brainstem, and their axons exit the neural tube in well-defined trajectories to innervate target tissues. This review is focused on a subset of cranial motor neurons called the branchiomotor neurons, which innervate muscles derived from the branchial (pharyngeal) arches. First, the organization of the branchiomotor pathways in zebrafish, chick, and mouse embryos will be compared, and the underlying axon guidance mechanisms will be addressed. Next, the molecular mechanisms that generate branchiomotor neurons and specify their identities will be discussed. Finally, the caudally directed or tangential migration of facial branchiomotor neurons will be examined. Given the advances in the characterization and analysis of vertebrate genomes, we can expect rapid progress in elucidating the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the development of these vital neuronal networks. Developmental Dynamics 229:143-161, 2004.
颅运动神经元支配控制脊椎动物头部眼睛、颌部和面部运动的肌肉以及支配某些腺体和器官的副交感神经元。这些传出神经元在脑干的特定位置发育，其轴突以明确的轨迹离开神经管以支配靶组织。本综述聚焦于一类称为鳃运动神经元的颅运动神经元子集，它们支配源自鳃（咽）弓的肌肉。首先，将比较斑马鱼、鸡和小鼠胚胎中鳃运动通路的组织，并探讨潜在的轴突导向机制。接下来，将讨论产生鳃运动神经元并确定其身份的分子机制。最后，将研究面部鳃运动神经元的尾向或切向迁移。鉴于脊椎动物基因组表征和分析方面的进展，我们有望在阐明这些重要神经元网络发育背后的细胞和分子机制方面取得快速进展。《发育动力学》229:143 - 161, 2004年。
