Fergusson David, Swain-Campbell Nicola, Horwood John
Christchurch Health and Development Study, Christchurch School of Medicine, PO Box 4345, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Aust N Z J Public Health. 2003;27(3):337-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-842x.2003.tb00404.x.
This research aimed to examine the prevalence of risky driving behaviour among young people, the characteristics of those who engage in risky driving behaviour, and the association between risky driving behaviours and accident risk.
Data were gathered during the course of the Christchurch Health and Development Study. As part of this longitudinal study, data were gathered on self-reported risky driving behaviours (18-21 years), traffic accidents (18-21 years) and a variety of individual characteristics for 907 participants who reported having driven a motor vehicle.
More than 90% of drivers engaged in some form of risky driving behaviour. Those most likely to engage in frequent risky driving behaviours were: males (p < 0.0001), who exhibited alcohol (p < 0.0001) or cannabis abuse (p < 0.001) in adolescence, who were involved in violent/property crime (p < 0.01) and who affiliated with delinquent or substance-using peers (p < 0.05). There was a strong (p < 0.0001) association between the extent of risky driving behaviour and traffic accident risk.
Risky driving behaviours are common among young people, particularly among young males prone to externalizing behaviours (substance abuse, crime and affiliations with deviant peers). Risky driving is strongly linked to traffic accident risk.
There is a continued need to target risky driving behaviours among young people. Efforts to reduce risky driving should be targeted in particular at the high-risk group of young males prone to externalizing behaviours. More generally, the results suggest the need for a multistrategy approach to the reduction of traffic accidents that focuses on the full spectrum of risky driving behaviours.
本研究旨在调查年轻人中危险驾驶行为的发生率、从事危险驾驶行为者的特征，以及危险驾驶行为与事故风险之间的关联。
数据收集于克赖斯特彻奇健康与发展研究过程中。作为这项纵向研究的一部分，收集了907名报告驾驶过机动车的参与者关于自我报告的危险驾驶行为（18至21岁）、交通事故（18至21岁）以及各种个人特征的数据。
超过90%的驾驶员存在某种形式的危险驾驶行为。最有可能频繁从事危险驾驶行为的人包括：男性（p<0.0001），在青少年期有饮酒（p<0.0001）或滥用大麻行为（p<0.001），涉及暴力/财产犯罪（p<0.01），以及与不良或吸毒同伴交往（p<0.05）。危险驾驶行为的程度与交通事故风险之间存在强烈关联（p<0.0001）。
危险驾驶行为在年轻人中很常见，尤其是在易出现外化行为（药物滥用、犯罪以及与不良同伴交往）的年轻男性中。危险驾驶与交通事故风险密切相关。
持续需要针对年轻人中的危险驾驶行为采取措施。减少危险驾驶的努力应特别针对易出现外化行为的年轻男性这一高危群体。更普遍地说，研究结果表明需要采取多策略方法来减少交通事故，该方法应关注所有类型的危险驾驶行为。
