Tsugane S, Sasazuki S, Kobayashi M, Sasaki S
Epidemiology and Biostatistics Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, 277-8577, Japan.
Br J Cancer. 2004 Jan 12;90(1):128-34. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601511.
Evidence on the association between salt intake and gastric cancer is sparse, especially in prospective studies. We conducted a population-based prospective study in Japan, where the majority of men has been infected with Helicobacter pylori. A total of 18 684 men and 20 381 women aged 40-59 years who reported their dietary habits and did not report any serious disease at baseline were followed from 1990 to 2001. A total of 486 cases, 358 men and 128 women, with histologically confirmed gastric cancer were documented among them. The quintile category of salt intake was dose-dependently associated with gastric cancer risk in men after adjusting for potential confounding factors (P for trend <0.001), while a trend was not clear in women (P for trend=0.48). Although stratification by study area, with varied salt intake and gastric cancer incidence, attenuated the observed clear associations with salt and salted foods, the frequency categories of highly salted foods such as salted fish roe and salted fish preserves were strongly associated with the risk in both sexes. Restriction of salt and salted food intake is a practical strategy to prevent gastric cancer in areas with high risk.
关于盐摄入量与胃癌之间关联的证据很少，尤其是在前瞻性研究中。我们在日本开展了一项基于人群的前瞻性研究，该国大多数男性感染过幽门螺杆菌。1990年至2001年期间，对18684名年龄在40至59岁之间、报告了饮食习惯且在基线时未报告任何严重疾病的男性以及20381名女性进行了随访。其中共记录了486例经组织学确诊的胃癌病例，包括358名男性和128名女性。在调整潜在混杂因素后，男性盐摄入量的五分位数类别与胃癌风险呈剂量依赖性关联（趋势P<0.001），而女性中这种趋势不明显（趋势P=0.48）。尽管按研究地区分层（盐摄入量和胃癌发病率各不相同）减弱了观察到的盐和腌制食品与胃癌之间的明显关联，但咸鱼子和咸鱼酱等高盐食品的食用频率类别在两性中均与风险密切相关。限制盐和腌制食品的摄入量是在高风险地区预防胃癌的一项切实可行的策略。
