Arafa Mostafa A, Alshehri Mohammed A
Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Saudi Med J. 2003 Dec;24(12):1374-6.
Based on 11 months of prospective surveillance in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Abha General Hospital, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, The association of neonatal morbidity and mortality with different risk factors were studied for prediction of different factors of mortality.
All neonates admitted to the ICU during the period of study; April 2002 through to February 2003 were included. They were followed until discharge or death.
Of the 277 infants admitted, 62 died (22.4%). The 3 common illnesses were prematurity with respiratory problems (31%), respiratory distress syndrome (27%) and perinatal asphyxia (7.6%). Sixty one percent of deaths occurred within the first 3 days, while only 3.2% died after the first month. Fifty-five percent of admission were premature; the percent of mortality among them was 35%. Those who were delivered before 30 week constituted 13% with a very high case fatality rate, 86%. Multivariate analysis revealed that gestational age, severity of illness, Apgar score <7 at 5 minutes (asphyxia) and mechanical ventilation were the most important predictors of mortality.
Mortality in the NICU is high, these results suggest more effort is needed to identify and reduce risk factors associated with neonatal mortality with special emphasis on prematurity, and to evaluate medical care provided in NICU.
基于沙特阿拉伯王国阿卜哈市阿卜哈综合医院新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）为期11个月的前瞻性监测，研究新生儿发病率和死亡率与不同风险因素的关联，以预测不同的死亡因素。
纳入2002年4月至2003年2月研究期间入住ICU的所有新生儿。对他们进行随访直至出院或死亡。
在277名入院婴儿中，62名死亡（22.4%）。三种常见疾病为伴有呼吸问题的早产（31%）、呼吸窘迫综合征（27%）和围产期窒息（7.6%）。61%的死亡发生在头3天内，而只有3.2%在第一个月后死亡。55%的入院婴儿为早产儿；其中死亡率为35%。孕周小于30周出生的婴儿占13%，病死率非常高，为86%。多因素分析显示，孕周、疾病严重程度、5分钟时阿氏评分<7（窒息）和机械通气是死亡率的最重要预测因素。
NICU的死亡率很高，这些结果表明需要做出更多努力来识别和降低与新生儿死亡率相关的风险因素，特别强调早产，并评估NICU提供的医疗护理。
