Blaicher Wibke, Prayer Daniela, Bernaschek Gerhard
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Prenatal Diagnosis and Therapy, University Hospital of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
J Perinat Med. 2003;31(6):459-68. doi: 10.1515/JPM.2003.071.
Ultrasound is the screening modality of choice for evaluation of the fetal central nervous system (CNS). However, in cases of difficult diagnosis further fetal investigation is desirable. Due to ultrafast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques artifacts from fetal motions are minimized. MRI involves no exposure to radiation and hence appears to be safe. Due to the better soft tissue contrast, additional investigation by MRI may extend the sonographic diagnosis of fetal CNS-anomalies. Ultrasound and MRI are complementary imaging methods in the evaluation of the fetal CNS. The most important indications for ultrasound are screening for CNS anomalies and serial assessment of the dynamic of the disorder. The most important indications for fetal MRI are the "second opinion" and investigation by fetal MRI instead of postpartum MRI (especially in cases of planned postpartum intervention). In this article the indications and limitations of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of the fetal CNS are discussed.
超声是评估胎儿中枢神经系统（CNS）的首选筛查方式。然而，在诊断困难的情况下，需要进一步对胎儿进行检查。由于超快磁共振成像（MRI）技术，胎儿运动产生的伪影被降至最低。MRI不涉及辐射暴露，因此似乎是安全的。由于软组织对比度更好，通过MRI进行的额外检查可能会扩展胎儿中枢神经系统异常的超声诊断。超声和MRI是评估胎儿中枢神经系统的互补成像方法。超声最重要的适应证是筛查中枢神经系统异常以及对疾病动态进行连续评估。胎儿MRI最重要的适应证是“二次诊断”以及用胎儿MRI而非产后MRI进行检查（特别是在计划进行产后干预的情况下）。本文讨论了超声和磁共振成像在评估胎儿中枢神经系统时的适应证和局限性。
