Horsky Jan, Kaufman David R, Patel Vimla L
Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
AMIA Annu Symp Proc. 2003;2003:294-8.
Computer-based provider order entry (POE) can reduce the frequency of preventable medical errors. However, overly complex interfaces frequently pose a challenge to users and impede clinical efficacy. We present a cognitive analysis of clinician interaction with a commercial POE system. Our investigation was informed by the distributed resources model, a novel approach designed to describe the dimensions of user interfaces that introduce unnecessary cognitive complexity. This approach characterizes the relative distribution of user's internal representations and external representations embodied in the system or environmental artifacts. The research consisted of two component analyses: a modified cognitive walkthrough evaluation and a simulated clinical ordering task performed by seven physicians. The analysis revealed that the configuration of resources placed unnecessarily heavy cognitive demands on the user, especially those who lacked a robust conceptual model of the system. The resources model was also used to account for patterns of errors produced by clinicians.
基于计算机的医嘱录入系统（POE）可以减少可预防医疗差错的发生频率。然而，过于复杂的界面常常给用户带来挑战，阻碍临床效率。我们对临床医生与一款商业POE系统的交互进行了认知分析。我们的研究以分布式资源模型为依据，这是一种旨在描述引入不必要认知复杂性的用户界面维度的新方法。这种方法刻画了用户内部表征与体现在系统或环境人工制品中的外部表征的相对分布。该研究包括两个组成部分分析：一项改进的认知走查评估和由七位医生执行的模拟临床医嘱任务。分析表明，资源配置给用户带来了不必要的沉重认知负担，尤其是那些缺乏该系统强大概念模型的用户。资源模型还用于解释临床医生产生的错误模式。
