Yucha Carolyn, Guthrie David
University of Florida College of Nursing, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Nephrol Nurs J. 2003 Dec;30(6):621-6; quiz 627-8.
Calcium is critical for many metabolic functions. While 99% of body calcium is found as part of the structure of bone and teeth, 1% found in plasma and body cells is crucial for such functions as blood clotting, nerve impulse conduction, and muscle contraction. The homeostasis of calcium is complex because the gastrointestinal tract, the bones, and the kidneys all affect calcium balance. This manuscript reviews the functions, homeostasis, and renal handling and regulation of calcium. The major sites of renal tubular reabsorption and the related cellular mechanisms are described.
钙对许多代谢功能至关重要。虽然人体99%的钙以骨骼和牙齿结构的一部分形式存在，但血浆和体细胞中1%的钙对于诸如血液凝固、神经冲动传导和肌肉收缩等功能至关重要。钙的稳态很复杂，因为胃肠道、骨骼和肾脏都会影响钙平衡。本文综述了钙的功能、稳态以及肾脏对钙的处理和调节。描述了肾小管重吸收的主要部位及相关细胞机制。
