Wang Zhenhong, Duan Changqun
Environment Science Department, Yunnan University, Faculty of Resources, Southwest Forestry College, Kumming, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2003 Sep;14(9):1439-45.
This paper studied the restoration effects of Pinus yunnanensis forest, mixed Eucalyptus maideni-Acacia meamsii forest, Eucalyptus maideni forest and restored natural vegetation in middle Yunnan area. The man-made forests consisting of different tree species had different effects on plant diversity, forest hydrology, soil surface erosion control, soil amelioration, and forest characteristics. Afforestation with native species promoted the plant diversity. Recovery Distance Index(RDI) was calculated for the evaluation of the forest restoration extent based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The restored natural vegetation P. yunnanensis forest, E. maideni forest, and A. mearnsii-E. maidensi forest would need correspondingly 29.14, 14.36, 34.23, and 11.03 years to recover to the ecological functions of zonal climax community. There were some relationships among forest recovery variables. Shannon-Wiener index, herbage coverage, community evenness, species diversity, soil available K, soil bulk density, biomass of herbage, woody plant coverage, timber volume of woody plant, soil total K, soil erosion, soil Si/V, littersfall, soil non-capillary porosity and through-fall were the main variables among the forest restoration variable dealt with in our work. Diversity played a central role in the restoration of ecosystem structure and functions.
本文研究了滇中地区云南松林、直干桉-黑荆混交林、直干桉林及恢复的自然植被的恢复效果。由不同树种组成的人工林对植物多样性、森林水文、土壤表面侵蚀控制、土壤改良及森林特征具有不同影响。种植乡土树种促进了植物多样性。基于主成分分析（PCA）计算恢复距离指数（RDI）以评估森林恢复程度。恢复的自然植被云南松林、直干桉林及黑荆-直干桉混交林分别需要29.14年、14.36年、34.23年和11.03年恢复到地带性顶极群落的生态功能。森林恢复变量之间存在一些关系。香农-维纳指数、草本盖度、群落均匀度、物种多样性、土壤有效钾、土壤容重、草本生物量、木本植物盖度、木本植物材积、土壤全钾、土壤侵蚀、土壤硅/钒、凋落物、土壤非毛管孔隙度和穿透雨是我们研究中涉及的森林恢复变量中的主要变量。多样性在生态系统结构和功能的恢复中起着核心作用。
