Vanhoof R, Nulens E, Nyssen H J, Hannecart-Pokorni E
Unit of Antibiotic Research, Institute Pasteur of Brabant, Brussels, Belgium.
Chemotherapy. 1992;38(4):225-31. doi: 10.1159/000239005.
Cefepime was the most active compound on the Enterobacteriaceae with a MIC90 of 0.26 microgram/ml and a resistance rate of 0.1%. Ceftazidime was the most active drug on the non-fermenting bacilli (MIC90 9.65 micrograms/ml; resistance rate 3%). Amikacin- and gentamicin-resistant strains showed a decreased susceptibility to the beta-lactams, though the Enterobacteriaceae and the non-fermenters remained fairly sensitive to cefepime and ceftazidime, respectively. Aminoglycoside-3-N-acetyltransferase was the most prevalent enzyme and was often associated with intermediate resistance or resistance to beta-lactams. Non-fermenters showing aminoglycoside impermeability were very often intermediately resistant or resistant to beta-lactams.
头孢吡肟是对肠杆菌科最具活性的化合物，其MIC90为0.26微克/毫升，耐药率为0.1%。头孢他啶是对非发酵菌最具活性的药物（MIC90为9.65微克/毫升；耐药率为3%）。对阿米卡星和庆大霉素耐药的菌株对β-内酰胺类药物的敏感性降低，不过肠杆菌科和非发酵菌分别对头孢吡肟和头孢他啶仍相当敏感。氨基糖苷-3-N-乙酰转移酶是最常见的酶，常与对β-内酰胺类药物的中介耐药或耐药相关。表现出氨基糖苷类药物不透性的非发酵菌常常对β-内酰胺类药物呈中介耐药或耐药。
