Tu Raymond H, Mitchell Clifford S, Kay Gary G, Risby Terence H
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 2004 Jan;75(1):49-59.
This study investigates anecdotal reports that have suggested adverse health effects associated with acute or chronic exposure to jet fuel.
JP-8 exposure during the course of the study day was estimated using breath analysis. Health effects associated with exposure were measured using a neurocognitive testing battery and liver and kidney function tests.
Breath analysis provided an estimate of an individual's recent JP-8 exposure that had occurred via inhalation and dermal routes. All individuals studied on base exhaled aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons that are found in JP-8. The subject who showed evidence of the most exposure to JP-8 had a breath concentration of 11.5 mg x m(-3) for total JP-8. This breath concentration suggested that exposure to JP-8 at an Air Guard Base is much less than exposure observed at other Air Force Bases. This reduction in exposure to JP-8 is attributed to the safety practices and standard operating procedures carried out by base personnel. The base personnel who exhibited the highest exposures to JP-8 were fuel cell workers, fuel specialists and smokers, who smoked downwind from the flightline.
Although study-day exposures appear to be much less than current guidelines, chronic exposure at these low levels appeared to affect neurocognitive functioning. JP-8-exposed individuals performed significantly poorer than a sample of non-exposed age- and education-matched individuals on 20 of 47 measures of information processing and other cognitive functions.
本研究调查了一些传闻报道，这些报道表明急性或慢性接触喷气燃料会对健康产生不良影响。
在研究日期间，通过呼吸分析来估计对JP - 8的接触情况。使用神经认知测试组合以及肝肾功能测试来衡量与接触相关的健康影响。
呼吸分析提供了对个体近期通过吸入和皮肤途径接触JP - 8的估计。在基地接受研究的所有个体呼出的气体中都含有JP - 8中的芳香烃和脂肪烃。接触JP - 8证据最明显的个体，其呼出气体中JP - 8的总浓度为11.5毫克×立方米（-3）。这种呼吸浓度表明，空军国民警卫队基地对JP - 8的接触远低于其他空军基地所观察到的接触水平。接触JP - 8的减少归因于基地人员实施的安全措施和标准操作程序。接触JP - 8水平最高的基地人员是燃料电池工人、燃料专家以及在飞行跑道下风处吸烟的吸烟者。
尽管研究日的接触似乎远低于当前指南，但这些低水平的慢性接触似乎会影响神经认知功能。在47项信息处理和其他认知功能测量指标中的20项上，接触JP - 8的个体表现明显比未接触的年龄和教育程度匹配的样本差。
