Mou Weimin, Zhang Kan, McNamara Timothy P
Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2004 Jan;30(1):171-80. doi: 10.1037/0278-7393.30.1.171.
Four experiments examined reference systems in spatial memories acquired from language. Participants read narratives that located 4 objects in canonical (front, back, left, right) or noncanonical (left front, right front, left back, right back) positions around them. Participants' focus of attention was first set on each of the 4 objects, and then they were asked to report the name of the object at the location indicated by a direction word or an iconic arrow. The results indicated that spatial memories were represented in terms of intrinsic (object-to-object) reference systems, which were selected using egocentric cues (e.g., alignment with body axes). Results also indicated that linguistic direction cues were comprehended in terms of egocentric reference systems, whereas iconic arrows were not.
四项实验研究了从语言中获取的空间记忆中的参照系。参与者阅读叙述内容，其中将四个物体放置在他们周围的规范位置（前、后、左、右）或非规范位置（左前、右前、左后、右后）。参与者的注意力焦点首先集中在这四个物体中的每一个上，然后要求他们说出由方向词或图标箭头指示位置处的物体名称。结果表明，空间记忆是以内在的（物体到物体的）参照系来表征的，这些参照系是通过自我中心线索（例如，与身体轴线对齐）来选择的。结果还表明，语言方向线索是根据自我中心参照系来理解的，而图标箭头则不是。
