Hayes John M, García-Rivera Enid, Flores-Reyna Roberto, Suárez-Rangel Gloria, Rodríguez-Mata Tito, Coto-Portillo René, Baltrons-Orellana Rafael, Mendoza-Rodríguez Elmer, De Garay Betry Fuentes, Jubis-Estrada Juan, Hernández-Argueta Rolando, Biggerstaff Brad J, Rigau-Pérez José G
Epidemic Intelligence Service, Division of Applied Public Health Training, and Division of International Health, Epidemiology Program Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2003 Dec;69(6):629-33.
In 2000, El Salvador experienced a large dengue-2 virus epidemic with many severe cases. A seroepidemiologic survey was conducted in 106 randomly selected households (501 residents) in an affected community (Las Pampitas). The frequency of recent infection, documented by the presence of IgM antibodies or high-titer IgG antibodies to dengue virus, was estimated to be 9.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 5.8-13.7), of which at least 44% were secondary infections. The number of containers positive for Aedes mosquito larvae or pupae per 100 premises (Breteau Index) was 62 and the frequency of positive premises (House Index) was 36%; 33% (35 of 106) of the informants reported having taken action against mosquito larval habitats and 82% (87 of 106) reported having taken actions against adult mosquitoes. Recent infection was associated with the presence in the home environment of mosquito infested discarded cans (odds ratio [OR] = 4.30, 95% CI = 2.54-7.28), infested discarded plastic containers (OR = 3.98, 95% CI = 1.05-15.05), and discarded tire casings (OR = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.09-6.04). The population attributable fractions associated with these factors were 4%, 13%, and 31%, respectively. Our data suggest that targeted community cleanup campaigns, particularly those directed at discarded tires and solid waste, are likely to have the greatest impact on reducing the risk of dengue infection.
2000年，萨尔瓦多爆发了大规模的登革2型病毒疫情，出现了许多严重病例。在一个受影响社区（拉斯潘皮塔斯）随机选取了106户家庭（501名居民）进行血清流行病学调查。通过检测登革病毒IgM抗体或高滴度IgG抗体来记录近期感染情况，估计近期感染率为9.8%（95%置信区间[CI]=5.8-13.7），其中至少44%为二次感染。每100处房屋中伊蚊幼虫或蛹呈阳性的容器数量（布雷托指数）为62，房屋阳性率（房屋指数）为36%；33%（106户中的35户）的受访者报告采取了针对蚊虫幼虫栖息地的措施，82%（106户中的87户）报告采取了针对成蚊的措施。近期感染与家庭环境中存在蚊虫滋生的废弃罐子（优势比[OR]=4.30，95%CI=2.54-7.28）、滋生蚊虫的废弃塑料容器（OR=3.98，95%CI=1.05-15.05）和废弃轮胎外胎（OR=2.57，95%CI=1.09-6.04）有关。与这些因素相关的人群归因分数分别为4%、13%和31%。我们的数据表明，有针对性的社区清理活动，特别是针对废弃轮胎和固体废物的清理活动，可能对降低登革热感染风险产生最大影响。
