Coffman J, Henderson T
University of California, San Francisco, USA.
Educ Health (Abingdon). 2001;14(2):221-30. doi: 10.1080/13576280110074087.
Many rural and inner-city communities in the United States have persistent shortages of health professionals. In addition, health services are increasingly delivered in community-based settings by interdisciplinary teams. Yet, health professions students in the US continue to receive most of their training in urban hospitals.
To assess the extent to which national and state government programs in the US that fund health professions education provide financial resources for community-based and interdisciplinary education in the health professions.
Literature review.
Most national and state government funding provided to health professions schools and clinical training sites in the US is not targeted to community-based and interdisciplinary education. Nationally, the Bureau of Health Professions, however, does administer some targeted grant programs. In addition, a number of states are addressing these needs through targeted appropriations to health professions schools and Medicaid payments to clinical training sites.
The US experience with government funding of health professions education suggests several questions that policymakers in other nations should consider and several principles for developing effective policies to promote community-based and interdisciplinary education.
美国许多农村和市中心社区一直存在卫生专业人员短缺的问题。此外，卫生服务越来越多地由跨学科团队在社区环境中提供。然而，美国的卫生专业学生仍主要在城市医院接受培训。
评估美国为卫生专业教育提供资金的国家和州政府项目为卫生专业基于社区的跨学科教育提供资金的程度。
文献综述。
美国提供给卫生专业学校和临床培训场所的大多数国家和州政府资金并非针对基于社区的跨学科教育。不过，在全国范围内，卫生专业局确实管理一些有针对性的拨款项目。此外，一些州正在通过向卫生专业学校进行有针对性的拨款以及向临床培训场所支付医疗补助来满足这些需求。
美国政府为卫生专业教育提供资金的经验提出了一些其他国家的政策制定者应考虑的问题，以及制定有效政策以促进基于社区的跨学科教育的若干原则。
