Kuno Naohiko, Kadomatsu Kenji, Nakamura Makoto, Miwa-Fukuchi Takahiko, Hirabayashi Norio, Ishizuka Takao
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya First Hospital, Michishita-cho, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 453-8511, Japan.
Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2004 Jan;70(1):40-6. doi: 10.1002/bdra.10133.
Mature ovarian cystic teratomas, which are commonly observed benign ovarian tumors, consist of ectodermal, mesodermal, and endodermal components that are generally disorganized. In this report, we document a case in which the solid portion of an ovarian teratoma demonstrated considerable differentiation, forming a doll-like structure.
A 25-year-old virginal Japanese woman underwent surgery for an ovarian tumor that was diagnosed as a mature teratoma. A solid mass within the tumor was found to have a head, trunk, and extremities. Consequently, this mass was diagnosed as a mature fetiform teratoma (homunculus). Brain, eye, spinal nerve, ear, teeth, thyroid gland, bone, bone marrow, gut, trachea, blood vessels, and phallic cavernous tissue were confirmed microscopically. Distinctive features were the clear anterior-posterior, ventral-dorsal, and left-right axes, with a spatially well-organized arrangement of the organs. An eye was located on the front of the head, a spinal nerve lay dorsal to the spinal bones, the thyroid gland was anterior to the trachea, and the gut was deep inside the trunk.
These findings indicate that the information necessary for organization of the body plan may be conserved and transmitted, even with parthenogenesis. Mature cystic teratomas of the ovary are mostly benign and do not always attract detailed attention. However, precise analyses of such tumors may significantly enhance our understanding of both parthenogenetic and normal human development.
成熟卵巢囊性畸胎瘤是常见的卵巢良性肿瘤，由通常排列紊乱的外胚层、中胚层和内胚层成分组成。在本报告中，我们记录了一例卵巢畸胎瘤实性部分表现出相当程度分化并形成玩偶样结构的病例。
一名25岁未生育的日本女性因卵巢肿瘤接受手术，该肿瘤被诊断为成熟畸胎瘤。肿瘤内的实性肿块被发现有头、躯干和四肢。因此，该肿块被诊断为成熟胎儿样畸胎瘤（小人儿）。显微镜下证实存在脑、眼、脊神经、耳、牙齿、甲状腺、骨骼、骨髓、肠道、气管、血管和阴茎海绵体组织。其显著特征是具有清晰的前后、腹背和左右轴，器官在空间上排列有序。眼睛位于头部前方，脊神经位于脊柱骨背侧，甲状腺位于气管前方，肠道位于躯干深部。
这些发现表明，即使是孤雌生殖，构建身体蓝图所需的信息也可能被保留和传递。卵巢成熟囊性畸胎瘤大多为良性，并不总是引起详细关注。然而，对此类肿瘤进行精确分析可能会显著增进我们对孤雌生殖和正常人类发育的理解。
