Grant S J, Oommen G, McColl G, Taylor J, Watkins L, Friel N, Watt I, McLean D
Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
J Sports Sci. 2003 Dec;21(12):1009-15. doi: 10.1080/0264041031000140671.
Different methods of ball carrying can be used when a player runs with the ball in rugby union. We examined how three methods of ball carrying influenced sprinting speed: using both hands, under the left arm and under the right arm. These methods were compared with running without the ball. Our aim was to determine which method of ball carrying optimizes sprinting speed. Altogether, 48 rugby union players (age 21 +/- 2 years, height 1.83 +/- 0.1 m, body mass 85.3 +/- 12 kg, body fat 14 +/- 5%; mean +/- s) were recruited. The players performed twelve 30-m sprints in total (each player performed three trials under each of three methods of carrying the ball and sprinting without the ball). The design of the study was a form of Latin rectangle, balanced across the trial order for each of the methods and for pairwise combinations of the methods in blocks of four per trial. Each sprint consisted of a 10-m rolling start, followed by a 20-m timed section using electronic timing gates. Compared with sprinting 20 m without the ball (2.58 +/- 0.16 s), using both hands (2.62 +/- 0.16 s) led to a significantly slower time (P < 0.05). Sprinting 20 m with the ball under the left arm (2.61 +/- 0.15 s) or under the right arm (2.60 +/- 0.17 s) was significantly quicker than when using 'both hands' (P < 0.05), and both these methods were significantly slower than when running without the ball (P < 0.05). Accordingly, running with the ball in both hands led to the greatest decrement in sprinting performance, although carrying the ball under one arm also reduced the players' sprinting ability. Our results indicate that to gain a speed advantage players should carry the ball under one arm.
在英式橄榄球比赛中，球员带球奔跑时可以采用不同的方式。我们研究了三种带球方式对冲刺速度的影响：双手持球、球在左臂下和球在右臂下。这些方式与无球奔跑进行了比较。我们的目的是确定哪种带球方式能使冲刺速度达到最优。总共招募了48名英式橄榄球运动员（年龄21±2岁，身高1.83±0.1米，体重85.3±12千克，体脂14±5%；均值±标准差）。球员们总共进行了12次30米冲刺（每名球员在三种带球方式及无球冲刺的每种情况下各进行三次试验）。该研究设计为拉丁矩形形式，在每次试验中，针对每种方式以及方式的两两组合，在四个一组的块中对试验顺序进行了平衡。每次冲刺包括一个10米的滚动起跑，随后是一个使用电子计时门的20米定时路段。与无球冲刺20米（2.58±0.16秒）相比，双手持球（2.62±0.16秒）导致时间显著变慢（P<0.05）。球在左臂下（2.61±0.15秒）或右臂下（2.60±0.17秒）冲刺20米明显比“双手持球”时更快（P<0.05），并且这两种方式都比无球奔跑时显著更慢（P<0.05）。因此，双手持球奔跑导致冲刺表现下降最多，尽管单臂持球也降低了球员的冲刺能力。我们的结果表明，为了获得速度优势，球员应单臂持球。
