Erisman J W, Schaap M
Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN), PO Box 1, 1755 LE Petten, The Netherlands.
Environ Pollut. 2004 May;129(1):159-63. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2003.08.042.
In Europe, secondary particulate matter (PM) comprises 50% or more of PM 2.5. To reduce PM concentrations requires lowering precursor emissions. Since the 1980s, SO(2) emissions have decreased by more than 60%, while particle concentrations have decreased less. NO(x) and NH(3) emissions have decreased slightly. The role of ammonia in particle formation is addressed here. It is shown that secondary PM concentrations can only be effectively reduced if ammonia emissions are decreased in much the same way as those of SO(2) and NO(x).
在欧洲，二次颗粒物（PM）占PM 2.5的50%或更多。要降低PM浓度需要减少前驱物排放。自20世纪80年代以来，二氧化硫（SO₂）排放量减少了60%以上，而颗粒物浓度降幅较小。氮氧化物（NOₓ）和氨（NH₃）排放量略有下降。本文探讨了氨在颗粒物形成中的作用。结果表明，只有像减少二氧化硫和氮氧化物排放那样大幅减少氨排放，才能有效降低二次PM浓度。
