Györik Sándor A, Brutsche Martin H
Division of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland.
Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2004 Jan;10(1):37-43. doi: 10.1097/00063198-200401000-00007.
Complementary and alternative medicine is widely used in bronchial asthma. Data on efficacy of these treatment modalities are lacking.
Studies published since June 2002 on complementary and alternative medicine in bronchial asthma were systematically reviewed.
Studies do not support the use of homeopathy, air ionizers, manual therapy, or acupuncture for asthma. These methods bear some risks to patients related to undertreatment and side effects. There might be a possible, but so far not clearly established, role for antioxidant dietary supplementation, and some natural antiinflammatory and immunomodulatory remedies. However, their effect size compared with the classical treatment and side-effect profile is not clearly established. Strategies influencing breathing technique or perception, such as breathing or retraining exercises, need to be studied over the next few years to establish their additive role in the treatment of asthma. Breathing exercises could improve lung function and quality of life in different studies. Psychotherapy-related methods such as relaxation, hypnosis, autogenic training, speleotherapy, and biofeedback might have a small effect in selected cases, but have not proven to be superior to placebo. Nevertheless, more randomized controlled trials of good methodological quality are required to allow firm conclusions.
补充和替代医学在支气管哮喘中广泛应用。但缺乏这些治疗方式疗效的数据。
对2002年6月以来发表的关于支气管哮喘补充和替代医学的研究进行了系统综述。
研究不支持将顺势疗法、空气离子发生器、手法治疗或针灸用于哮喘。这些方法对患者存在与治疗不足和副作用相关的一些风险。抗氧化剂膳食补充以及一些天然抗炎和免疫调节疗法可能有作用，但目前尚未明确证实，且与传统治疗相比其效应大小及副作用情况尚不明确。影响呼吸技术或感知的策略，如呼吸训练或再训练练习，未来几年需要进一步研究以确定其在哮喘治疗中的附加作用。不同研究中呼吸练习可改善肺功能和生活质量。心理治疗相关方法，如放松、催眠、自生训练、洞穴疗法和生物反馈，在特定病例中可能有轻微作用，但尚未证明优于安慰剂。然而，需要更多方法学质量良好的随机对照试验才能得出确切结论。
