Bell A C, Swinburn B A
Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2004 Feb;58(2):258-63. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601775.
To determine differences in the contribution of foods and beverages to energy consumed in and out of school, and to compare consumption patterns between school canteen users and noncanteen users.
Cross-sectional National Nutrition Survey, 1995.
Australia. SUBJECTS ON SCHOOL DAYS: A total of 1656 children aged 5-15 y who had weekday 24-h dietary recall data.
An average of 37% of total energy intake was consumed at school. Energy-dense foods and beverages such as fat spreads, packaged snacks, biscuits and fruit/cordial drinks made a greater contribution to energy intake at school compared to out of school (P< or =0.01). Fast foods and soft drinks contributed 11 and 3% of total energy intake; however, these food groups were mostly consumed out of school. Fruit intake was low and consumption was greater in school. In all, 14% of children purchased food from the canteen and they obtained more energy from fast food, packaged snacks, desserts, milk and confectionary (P< or =0.05) than noncanteen users.
: Energy-dense foods and beverages are over-represented in the Australian school environment. To help prevent obesity and improve nutrition in schools, biscuits, snack bars and fruit/cordial drinks brought from home and fast food, packaged snacks, and confectionary sold at canteens should be replaced with fruit and water.
确定食品和饮料对校内和校外所摄入能量的贡献差异，并比较学校食堂使用者和非食堂使用者的消费模式。
1995年全国营养横断面调查。
澳大利亚。在校日受试者：共有1656名5至15岁的儿童，他们有工作日24小时饮食回忆数据。
在校摄入的能量平均占总能量摄入量的37%。与校外相比，诸如涂抹脂肪、包装零食、饼干和水果/甜饮料等高能量密度的食品和饮料对在校能量摄入的贡献更大（P≤0.01）。快餐和软饮料分别占总能量摄入量的11%和3%；然而，这些食物类别大多是在校外消费的。水果摄入量较低，且在校内的消费量更大。总的来说，14%的儿童从食堂购买食物，他们从快餐、包装零食、甜点、牛奶和糖果中获取的能量比非食堂使用者更多（P≤0.05）。
在澳大利亚学校环境中，高能量密度的食品和饮料占比过高。为帮助预防肥胖并改善学校营养状况，应将从家里带来的饼干、小吃棒和水果/甜饮料以及食堂出售的快餐、包装零食和糖果换成水果和水。
