Department of Global Agricultural Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo Ward, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
Tokyo College, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo Ward, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
Nutrients. 2022 May 2;14(9):1911. doi: 10.3390/nu14091911.
A comprehensive assessment of the dietary status of university students in Indonesia is lacking. Hence, this study aims to assess students' dietary habits, status, and the nutritive value of meals offered at university canteens. This was a cross-sectional study based on the dietary habits of 333 students, 26 of whom were interviewed for the dietary survey. The nutritional value of canteen menus used by nearly half of the students (44%) was also examined. Most menus lacked macro and micronutrients (i.e., calcium, 15.5%) and were high in salt (181.5%). BMIs showed malnutrition among students (38.5%). The protein, fat, carbohydrate (PFC) ratio showed a high proportion of fat (32.4%) in the diets of female students. The level of salt intake (96.2%) was above the Indonesian recommended dietary allowance (RDA). Most students had unhealthy dietary patterns, including a high consumption of sweet beverages and instant noodles and a low intake of fruits, vegetables, animal protein, and milk. The lack of nutrients in canteen menus might lead to a nutrient deficiency among the students, which underlines the important role of canteens in the students' dietary intake. Optimizing the nutritional profile of menus, labeling based on nutrient profiling, and promoting nutrition education should be addressed to improve students' diets.
印度尼西亚缺乏对大学生饮食状况的全面评估。因此，本研究旨在评估大学生的饮食习惯、饮食状况以及大学食堂提供的膳食的营养价值。这是一项基于 333 名学生饮食习惯的横断面研究，其中 26 名学生接受了饮食调查访谈。还检查了近一半学生（44%）使用的食堂菜单的营养价值。大多数菜单缺乏宏量和微量营养素（例如钙，15.5%），并且盐分含量高（181.5%）。BMI 显示学生存在营养不良（38.5%）。蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物（PFC）比例显示女学生的饮食中脂肪比例较高（32.4%）。盐摄入量（96.2%）高于印度尼西亚推荐的膳食允许量（RDA）。大多数学生的饮食模式不健康，包括大量饮用甜饮料和方便面，以及水果、蔬菜、动物蛋白和牛奶摄入量低。食堂菜单中缺乏营养可能导致学生营养不足，这凸显了食堂在学生饮食摄入中的重要作用。应优化菜单的营养状况，根据营养成分进行标签标注，并开展营养教育，以改善学生的饮食。
