Honkanen Jani O, Holopainen Ismo J, Kukkonen Jussi V K
Department of Biology, Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology and Ecotoxicology, University of Joensuu, P.O. Box 111, Joensuu FIN-80101, Finland.
Chemosphere. 2004 Apr;55(2):187-96. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2003.10.028.
Accumulation and toxicity of waterborne bisphenol A were studied in landlocked salmon (Salmo salar m. sebago) yolk-sac fry. In a short-term (96 h) exposure to five bisphenol A concentrations yolk-sac fry had higher accumulation rates and bioconcentration factors (BCF96) than earlier studies have shown for salmon eggs. Furthermore, the conditional uptake rate constant tended to decrease as exposure concentration increased. Fry were also exposed to bisphenol A for 42 days at three concentrations (10, 100 and 1000 microg/l), and changes in behaviour, morphology and histological structure were observed. After 6 days of exposure, the highest concentration (1000 microg/l) of bisphenol A caused fluid accumulation (oedema) in the yolk sac and haemorrhages in the front part of the yolk sac and in the head around the gill arches. Later on, the fry at 1000 microg/l showed phlegmatic behaviour and had darker skin coloration than the fry in the other treatments. At the two highest concentrations (100 and 1000 microg/l) histological changes were seen in liver cell nuclei, where strongly stained fragments were observed. In the control fry and the fry exposed to 10 microg/l the nucleolus was clearly visible and spherical in shape and no strongly stained fragments were present. This study shows that high concentrations of bisphenol A may have both morphological and histological effects on salmon yolk-sac fry.
在内陆养殖的大西洋鲑（Salmo salar m. sebago）卵黄囊仔鱼中研究了水中双酚A的蓄积和毒性。在对5种双酚A浓度进行短期（96小时）暴露试验时，卵黄囊仔鱼的蓄积率和生物富集系数（BCF96）高于先前针对鲑鱼卵的研究结果。此外，条件摄取速率常数往往随暴露浓度的增加而降低。仔鱼还在三种浓度（10、100和1000微克/升）下暴露于双酚A 42天，并观察行为、形态和组织结构的变化。暴露6天后，最高浓度（1000微克/升）的双酚A导致卵黄囊中出现积液（水肿），卵黄囊前部和鳃弓周围头部出现出血。之后，暴露于1000微克/升双酚A的仔鱼表现出迟钝行为，且皮肤颜色比其他处理组的仔鱼更深。在两个最高浓度（100和1000微克/升）下，肝细胞核出现组织学变化，观察到有强染色碎片。在对照仔鱼和暴露于10微克/升双酚A的仔鱼中，核仁清晰可见，呈球形，没有强染色碎片。这项研究表明，高浓度双酚A可能对鲑鱼卵黄囊仔鱼产生形态和组织学影响。
