Pourpak Zahra, Mansouri Mahboubeh, Mesdaghi Mehrnaz, Kazemnejad Anoushiravan, Farhoudi Abolhasan
Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2004 Feb;133(2):168-73. doi: 10.1159/000076623. Epub 2004 Feb 5.
Food allergy affects 6-8% of infants and wheat allergy is one of the common food allergies among children. The clinical and laboratory manifestations of wheat allergy were evaluated in this study.
Thirty-two children (< or =12 years old) with suspected wheat allergy were evaluated for wheat allergy. The patients underwent wheat skin prick test (SPT), measurement of wheat-specific IgE and wheat challenge test. The patients with a convincing history of anaphylaxis following ingestion of wheat or with a positive challenge test, and those with a history of immediate hypersensitivity reaction following ingestion of wheat in addition to a positive wheat SPT and/or positive wheat-specific IgE were considered wheat allergic. Then, the laboratory and clinical manifestations of their disease were studied.
Among patients with suspected wheat allergy, 24 patients with definite wheat allergy were identified. Anaphylaxis was a dominant clinical feature, accounting for 54.1% of acute symptoms. Chronic allergy symptoms like asthma and eczema were noted in 50% of the patients. Wheat-specific IgE was higher in patients with anaphylaxis (p<0.02) and the risk of anaphylaxis was 14.4 times more in patients with wheat-specific IgE equal to or more than 3+.
Anaphylaxis had occurred in a remarkable number of patients repeatedly, which demonstrates the severity of the reactions, poor knowledge of the disease and probable existence of more patients with mild reactions. Regarding the higher level of wheat-specific IgE in patients with anaphylaxis, wheat-specific IgE could be used to predict the severity of symptoms.
食物过敏影响6% - 8%的婴儿，小麦过敏是儿童常见的食物过敏之一。本研究评估了小麦过敏的临床和实验室表现。
对32名疑似小麦过敏的儿童（≤12岁）进行小麦过敏评估。患者接受小麦皮肤点刺试验（SPT）、小麦特异性IgE检测和小麦激发试验。有摄入小麦后明确过敏反应史或激发试验阳性的患者，以及除小麦SPT阳性和/或小麦特异性IgE阳性外，有摄入小麦后速发型过敏反应史的患者被视为小麦过敏。然后，研究其疾病的实验室和临床表现。
在疑似小麦过敏的患者中，确定了24名明确的小麦过敏患者。过敏反应是主要的临床特征，占急性症状的54.1%。50%的患者有哮喘和湿疹等慢性过敏症状。过敏反应患者的小麦特异性IgE更高（p<0.02），小麦特异性IgE等于或大于3 +的患者发生过敏反应的风险高14.4倍。
相当数量的患者反复发生过敏反应，这表明反应的严重性、对该疾病的认识不足以及可能存在更多轻度反应的患者。鉴于过敏反应患者的小麦特异性IgE水平较高，小麦特异性IgE可用于预测症状的严重程度。
