Moussa E, Zouhal H, Vincent S, Proiux J, Delamarche P, Gratas-Delamarche A
Laboratory of Physiology and Biomechanics of Exercice, University of Balamand, Balamand, Lebanon.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2003 Dec;43(4):546-53.
We have explored in the following study the glucoregulatory responses (glycemia, insulinemia, catecholamines) at the end of 2 supramaximal tests of different durations.
Seven untrained male subjects (21.9+/-0.3 y) performed an isolated exercise of 6 s (T6) and a Wingate-test of 30 s. To determine the levels of lactate (La), plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin, adrenaline (A) and noradrenaline (NA), blood samples have been collected successively at rest, after a warm-up period of 15 min, immediately after T6 and T30, and after 5, 10, 20, and 30 min of recovery.
Whether expressed as absolute or relative values, the peak power recorded during the 2 tests is statistically the same in T6 and T30. The maximal value of lactate (L(amax)) measured 5 min after the end of the 2 exercises is significantly greater after T30 (12.3+/-0.9 mmol x L(-1)) than after T6 (5.4+/-0.4 mmol x L(-1)) and T30 (4.2+/-0.2 mmol x L(-1)). No significant difference is observed between the plasma glucose concentrations recorded after the 2 tests until the first 10 min of recovery. However the plasma glucose values recorded after 20 and 30 min of recovery are significantly higher after T6 than after T30. Whatever the duration of the test, the insulinemia level remains unchanged at the end of the exercise and during the 30 min of recovery. On the other hand, the values of adrenaline and noradrenaline after T6 and T30 become considerably higher than those recorded at rest. However, the increase remains significantly higher after T30 (13.5+/-1.8 nmol x L(-1) for NA and 2.7+/-0.7 nmol x L(-1) for A) than after T6 (4.9+/-0.3 nmol x L(-1) for NA and 1.2+/-0.2 nmol x L(-1) for A).
These results suggest that the mechanism responsible for increasing blood glucose surpass those which decrease it during supramaximal exercise. However, plasma glucose concentrations is affected by the duration of supramaximal exercise. The lower increase of plasma glucose concentration after T30 than after T6 might be explained by the resting of muscle glycogen stores which are more used during T30 than after T6, but in the absence of muscle glycogen content measurement we cannot conclude.
在以下研究中，我们探究了不同时长的两次超最大强度测试结束时的糖调节反应（血糖、胰岛素血症、儿茶酚胺）。
7名未经训练的男性受试者（21.9±0.3岁）进行了6秒的单次运动（T6）和30秒的温盖特测试。为了测定乳酸（La）水平、葡萄糖、胰岛素、肾上腺素（A）和去甲肾上腺素（NA）的血浆浓度，在静息状态、15分钟热身期后、T6和T30结束后立即以及恢复5、10、20和30分钟后依次采集血样。
无论是以绝对值还是相对值表示，两次测试中记录的峰值功率在T6和T30中在统计学上是相同的。两次运动结束后5分钟测得的乳酸最大值（L(amax)）在T30后（12.3±0.9 mmol·L⁻¹）显著高于T6后（5.4±0.4 mmol·L⁻¹）和T30后（4.2±0.2 mmol·L⁻¹）。在恢复的前10分钟，两次测试后记录的血浆葡萄糖浓度之间未观察到显著差异。然而，恢复20和30分钟后记录的血浆葡萄糖值在T6后显著高于T30后。无论测试时长如何，运动结束时和恢复的30分钟内胰岛素血症水平保持不变。另一方面，T6和T30后的肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素值变得明显高于静息时记录的值。然而，T30后的升高（NA为13.5±1.8 nmol·L⁻¹，A为2.7±0.7 nmol·L⁻¹）仍显著高于T6后（NA为4.9±0.3 nmol·L⁻¹，A为1.2±0.2 nmol·L⁻¹）。
这些结果表明，在超最大强度运动期间，负责升高血糖的机制超过了降低血糖的机制。然而，血浆葡萄糖浓度受超最大强度运动时长的影响。T30后血浆葡萄糖浓度的升高低于T6后，这可能是由于肌肉糖原储备的消耗，T30期间比T6后消耗更多，但由于未测量肌肉糖原含量，我们无法得出结论。
