Hossain Mohammad Ashraf, Ahmed Mohamed Sotohy, Ghannoum Mahmoud Afif
Center for Medical Mycology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106-5028, USA.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2004 Feb;113(2):200-8; quiz 209. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2003.12.018.
Mold contamination and toxicities are not limited to crops and animals; they are also a concern in human health. Molds occur in outdoor and indoor environments, and water-damaged buildings harbor and provide substrate for several mold species. Of these, Stachybotrys chartarum poses a particular threat to occupants. Patients with building-related symptoms and infant idiopathic pulmonary hemorrhage often have histories of living in moldy, water-damaged buildings. Although a causal connection is far from being unequivocally proven, S. chartarum has been associated with such clinical conditions. These illnesses could be attributed in part to mycotoxins released by S. chartarum. Recently, a hemolysin released by this mold was found to be hemolytic in vitro and in vivo. In addition, allergenic proteins have been characterized from S. chartarum. The exact mechanism of S. chartarum pathogenesis has not yet been defined. Moreover, a causality-effect relation is not yet established. This review summarizes available information on the pathogenic attributes of S. chartarum and calls for well-controlled objective studies.
霉菌污染及毒性并不局限于农作物和动物；它们也是人类健康领域的一个关注点。霉菌存在于室外和室内环境中，而受水损害的建筑物为多种霉菌提供了栖息场所和基质。其中，展青霉对居住者构成了特别的威胁。患有与建筑物相关症状的患者以及婴儿特发性肺出血患者通常有居住在发霉、受水损害建筑物中的经历。尽管因果关系远未得到明确证实，但展青霉已与这些临床病症相关联。这些疾病可能部分归因于展青霉释放的霉菌毒素。最近，发现这种霉菌释放的一种溶血素在体外和体内均具有溶血作用。此外，已对展青霉的致敏蛋白进行了表征。展青霉发病机制的确切机制尚未明确。而且，因果效应关系尚未确立。本综述总结了关于展青霉致病特性的现有信息，并呼吁开展严格控制的客观研究。
