Starreveld Peter A, Theeuwes Jan, Mortier Karen
Vrije Universiteit, Department of Cognitive Psychology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2004 Feb;30(1):56-78. doi: 10.1037/0096-1523.30.1.56.
The authors used visual search tasks in which components of the classic flanker task (B. A. Eriksen & C. W. Eriksen, 1974) were introduced. In several experiments the authors obtained evidence of parallel search for a target among distractor elements. Therefore, 2-stage models of visual search predict no effect of the identity of those distractors. However, clear compatibility effects of the distractors were obtained: Responses were faster when the distractors were compatible with the response than when they were incompatible. These results show that even in parallel search tasks identity information is extracted from the distractors. In addition, alternative interpretations of the results in terms of the occasional identification of a distractor before or after the target was identified could be ruled out. The results showed that flat search slopes obtained in visual search experiments provide no benchmark for preattentive processing.
作者使用了视觉搜索任务，其中引入了经典侧翼任务（B.A.埃里克森和C.W.埃里克森，1974）的组成部分。在几个实验中，作者获得了在干扰元素中并行搜索目标的证据。因此，视觉搜索的两阶段模型预测这些干扰物的身份不会产生影响。然而，获得了明显的干扰物兼容性效应：当干扰物与反应兼容时，反应比不兼容时更快。这些结果表明，即使在并行搜索任务中，身份信息也会从干扰物中提取。此外，可以排除根据在识别目标之前或之后偶尔识别干扰物对结果的其他解释。结果表明，视觉搜索实验中获得的平坦搜索斜率不能作为前注意加工的基准。
