Beuther David A, Martin Richard J
Division of Pulmonary Medicine, National Jewish Medical and Research Center, 1400 Jackson Street, J206, Denver, CO 80206, USA.
Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2004 Mar;4(2):132-8. doi: 10.1007/s11882-004-0058-5.
Asthma pathogenesis appears to be a result of a complex mixture of genetic and environmental influences. There is evidence that Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae play a role in promoting airway inflammation that could contribute to the onset and clinical course of asthma. If antimicrobial therapy can eradicate these organisms, it might be possible to alter the course of the disease. Although antibiotics have no role in the routine management of acute exacerbations of asthma, certain macrolide antibiotics have been shown to have anti-inflammatory activity. Part of this effect is due to their known inhibition of steroid and theophylline metabolism, but through a myriad of mechanisms that are incompletely understood, macrolide antibiotics have additional broad anti-inflammatory properties that might prove useful in the management of asthma and other inflammatory diseases.
哮喘的发病机制似乎是遗传和环境影响复杂混合的结果。有证据表明，肺炎支原体和肺炎衣原体在促进气道炎症方面发挥作用，这可能导致哮喘的发作和临床进程。如果抗菌治疗能够根除这些病原体，就有可能改变疾病的进程。虽然抗生素在哮喘急性加重的常规管理中没有作用，但某些大环内酯类抗生素已被证明具有抗炎活性。这种作用部分归因于它们对类固醇和茶碱代谢的已知抑制作用，但通过一系列尚未完全理解的机制，大环内酯类抗生素具有额外的广泛抗炎特性，这可能在哮喘和其他炎症性疾病的管理中证明是有用的。
