Veech Richard L
Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institutes of Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, 12501 Washington Ave., Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2004 Mar;70(3):309-19. doi: 10.1016/j.plefa.2003.09.007.
The effects of ketone body metabolism suggests that mild ketosis may offer therapeutic potential in a variety of different common and rare disease states. These inferences follow directly from the metabolic effects of ketosis and the higher inherent energy present in d-beta-hydroxybutyrate relative to pyruvate, the normal mitochondrial fuel produced by glycolysis leading to an increase in the DeltaG' of ATP hydrolysis. The large categories of disease for which ketones may have therapeutic effects are:(1)diseases of substrate insufficiency or insulin resistance,(2)diseases resulting from free radical damage,(3)disease resulting from hypoxia. Current ketogenic diets are all characterized by elevations of free fatty acids, which may lead to metabolic inefficiency by activation of the PPAR system and its associated uncoupling mitochondrial uncoupling proteins. New diets comprised of ketone bodies themselves or their esters may obviate this present difficulty.
酮体代谢的作用表明，轻度酮症可能在多种常见和罕见疾病状态中具有治疗潜力。这些推断直接源于酮症的代谢作用，以及相对于丙酮酸，d-β-羟基丁酸中存在更高的内在能量，丙酮酸是糖酵解产生的正常线粒体燃料，会导致ATP水解的ΔG'增加。酮体可能具有治疗作用的主要疾病类别包括：（1）底物不足或胰岛素抵抗疾病；（2）自由基损伤导致的疾病；（3）缺氧导致的疾病。目前的生酮饮食都以游离脂肪酸升高为特征，这可能通过激活PPAR系统及其相关的解偶联线粒体解偶联蛋白导致代谢效率低下。由酮体本身或其酯组成的新饮食可能会避免当前的这一难题。
