Shuhaiber Jeffrey H
Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA.
Arch Surg. 2004 Feb;139(2):170-4. doi: 10.1001/archsurg.139.2.170.
To evaluate the history and current knowledge of computer-augmented reality in the field of surgery and its potential goals in education, surgeon training, and patient treatment.
National Library of Medicine's database and additional library searches.
Only articles suited to surgical sciences with a well-defined aim of study, methodology, and precise description of outcome were included.
Augmented reality is an effective tool in executing surgical procedures requiring low-performance surgical dexterity; it remains a science determined mainly by stereotactic registration and ergonomics. Strong evidence was found that it is an effective teaching tool for training residents. Weaker evidence was found to suggest a significant influence on surgical outcome, both morbidity and mortality. No evidence of cost-effectiveness was found.
Augmented reality is a new approach in executing detailed surgical operations. Although its application is in a preliminary stage, further research is needed to evaluate its long-term clinical impact on patients, surgeons, and hospital administrators. Its widespread use and the universal transfer of such technology remains limited until there is a better understanding of registration and ergonomics.
评估计算机增强现实技术在外科领域的发展历程及当前认知，以及其在教育、外科医生培训和患者治疗方面的潜在目标。
美国国立医学图书馆数据库及其他图书馆检索。
仅纳入目标明确、方法得当且结果描述精确的适合外科学科的文章。
增强现实是执行需要较低手术操作灵活性的外科手术的有效工具；它仍然是一门主要由立体定向配准和人体工程学决定的科学。有力证据表明，它是培训住院医师的有效教学工具。有较弱证据表明其对手术结果（包括发病率和死亡率）有显著影响。未发现成本效益方面的证据。
增强现实是执行精细外科手术的一种新方法。尽管其应用尚处于初步阶段，但仍需进一步研究以评估其对患者、外科医生和医院管理人员的长期临床影响。在对配准和人体工程学有更深入了解之前，该技术的广泛应用和普遍推广仍然有限。
